Action of 12–17 January 1640

The action of 12–17 January 1640 was a naval battle between a Dutch fleet and a combined Spanish-Portuguese fleet during the Eighty Years' War. The battle took place on the Brazilian coast off Pernambuco and was an attempt by a fleet consisting of approximately eighty vessels transporting about 5,000 soldiers under the command of Portuguese Admiral Fernando de Mascarenhas to land reinforcements to bolster the Portuguese militia besieging the city of Recife. On 12 January this fleet was intercepted by a Dutch task force of about forty ships commanded by Willem Loos. The ensuing battle lasted with occasional breaks until the evening of 17 January, when the Spanish and Portuguese fleet retreated and sailed away to the north.

Action of 12–17 January 1640
Part of the Dutch invasions of Brazil

Primu Praelium Navale Inter I. Tamarican et Go Ianam XII lanuar
Date12–17 January 1640
Location
Itamaracá, off Pernambuco, Brazil
Result Dutch victory
Belligerents
 Spain
 Portugal

Dutch Republic

Commanders and leaders
Fernando de Mascarenhas Willem Loos 
Strength
30 galleons
34 armed transports
13 small vessels
10,000-15,000 men
30 warships and supply ships
10 small vessels
2,800 men
Casualties and losses
2 vessels lost 1 vessel lost
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