Hypochlorous acid

Hypochlorous acid
	; Hydrogen, H Oxygen, O Chlorine, Cl
Names
	IUPAC name Hypochlorous acid
	Other names Chloranol; Chloric(I) acid; Chlorine hydroxide; Chlorooxidane; Hydrogen hypochlorite; Hypochloric acid; Hydroxidochlorine;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7790-92-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:24757 ;
ChemSpider	22757 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.302
EC Number	232-232-5;
PubChem CID	24341;
UNII	712K4CDC10 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3036737 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClHO/c1-2/h2H Key: QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/ClHO/c1-2/h2H Key: QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYAT;
	SMILES OCl;
Properties
Chemical formula	HOCl
Molar mass	52.46 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless aqueous solution
Density	Variable
Solubility in water	Soluble
Acidity (pKa)	7.53
Conjugate base	Hypochlorite
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	corrosive, oxidizing agent
	GHS labelling:
Hazard statements	H320, H335
Precautionary statements	P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 4 OX
Safety data sheet (SDS)	chemfresh.com
Related compounds
Other anions	Hypofluorous acid; Hypobromous acid; Hypoiodous acid;
Related compounds	Dichlorine monoxide; Chlorine monoxide; Hypochlorite; Lithium hypochlorite; Sodium hypochlorite; Potassium hypochlorite; Calcium hypochlorite; Barium hypochlorite; Silver hypochlorite; Methyl hypochlorite; tert-Butyl hypochlorite; Acetyl hypochlorite; Chlorine;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Hypochlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ClOH, also written as HClO, HOCl, or ClHO. Its structure is H−O−Cl. It is an acid that forms when chlorine dissolves in water, and itself partially dissociates, forming hypochlorite anion, ClO⁻. HClO and ClO⁻ are oxidizers, and the primary disinfection agents of chlorine solutions. HClO cannot be isolated from these solutions due to rapid equilibration with its precursor, chlorine.

Because of its strong antimicrobial properties, the related compounds sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)₂) are ingredients in many commercial bleaches, deodorants, and disinfectants. The white blood cells of mammals, such as humans, also contain hypochlorous acid as a tool against foreign bodies. In living organisms, HOCl is generated by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with chloride ions under the catalysis of the heme enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO).

Like many other disinfectants, hypochlorous acid solutions will destroy pathogens, such as COVID-19, absorbed on surfaces. In low concentrations, such solutions can serve to disinfect open wounds.

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