Calcium hypochlorite

Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with chemical formula Ca(ClO)2, also written as Ca(OCl)2. It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear yellow. It strongly smells of chlorine, owing to its slow decomposition in moist air. This compound is relatively stable as a solid and solution and has greater available chlorine than sodium hypochlorite. "Pure" samples have 99.2% active chlorine. Given common industrial purity, an active chlorine content of 65-70% is typical. It is the main active ingredient of commercial products called bleaching powder, used for water treatment and as a bleaching agent.

Calcium hypochlorite
Names
Other names
  • Hypochlorous acid calcium salt
  • Bleaching powder
  • Chloride of lime
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.007
EC Number
  • 231-908-7
KEGG
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • NH3485000
UNII
UN number 1748 2208
  • InChI=1S/Ca.2ClO/c;2*1-2/q+2;2*-1 Y
    Key: ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1S/Cacl.ClO/c;1-2/q+2;2*-1
    Key: ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYAV
SMILES
  • Cl[O-].[Ca+2].Cl[O-]
Properties
Ca(OCl)2
Molar mass 142.98 g·mol−1
Appearance white/gray powder
Density 2.35 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
Boiling point 175 °C (347 °F; 448 K) decomposes
21 g/(100 mL) at 25 °C
Solubility reacts in alcohol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H272, H302, H314, H400
P210, P220, P221, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
3
0
1
OX
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 850 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0638
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
  • Lithium hypochlorite
  • Sodium hypochlorite
  • Potassium hypochlorite
  • Barium hypochlorite
  • Silver hypochlorite
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
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