Portal:Ecuador

Republic of Ecuador
*República del Ecuador* (Spanish)
Republic of Ecuador República del Ecuador (Spanish)
	Flag Coat of Arms
	Location of Ecuador (dark green)
ISO 3166 code	EC
	See also: Outline of Ecuador

Introduction

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (621 mi) west of the mainland. The country's capital is Quito, but its largest city is Guayaquil.

The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of indigenous peoples that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spanish Empire during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as a sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 17.8 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of Europeans, Native American, African, and Asian descendants. Spanish is the official language spoken by a majority of the population, although 13 native languages are also recognized, including Quechua and Shuar.

Ecuador is a representative democratic presidential republic and a developing country whose economy is highly dependent on exports of commodities, primarily petroleum and agricultural products. The country is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States, Mercosur, PROSUR, and the Non-Aligned Movement. According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research, between 2006 and 2016, poverty decreased from 36.7% to 22.5% and annual per capita GDP growth was 1.5 percent (as compared to 0.6 percent over the prior two decades). At the same time, the country's Gini index of economic inequality improved from 0.55 to 0.47.

One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable rights of nature. (Full article...)

Selected article -

Francisco Javier Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo^[a] (Royal Audiencia of Quito, February 21, 1747 – December 28, 1795) was a medical pioneer, writer and lawyer of criollo origin in colonial Ecuador. Although he was a notable scientist and writer, he stands out as a polemicist who inspired the separatist movement in Quito. He is regarded as one of the most important figures in colonial Ecuador. He was Quito's first journalist and hygienist.

As a journalist he spread enlightened ideas in the Royal Audiencia, and as a hygienist he composed an important treatise about sanitary conditions in colonial Ecuador that included interesting remarks about microorganisms and the spreading of disease. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Galápagos Islands
Ambato, Ecuador
History of Ecuador
1949 Ambato earthquake
Thomasomys ucucha
Operation Auca
Galápagos tortoise
Indigenous peoples in Ecuador
Flag of Ecuador
Sangay
Water supply and sanitation in Ecuador
Cenepa War
Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
Christian Benítez
Sixto Durán Ballén
Álvaro Noboa
Rolando Vera (athlete)
Pre-Columbian Ecuador
Rumicucho
Narcisa de Jesús
Cañari
Colegio Americano de Quito
Yasuni National Park
Quechua people
Esmeraldas-class corvette
Rafael Correa
María Fernanda Espinosa
Luz Argentina Chiriboga
Ecuadorian Navy
COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador
Marine iguana
Panama hat
Gabriel García Moreno
Chimborazo
Ecuador national football team
Women in Ecuador
LGBT rights in Ecuador
Richard Carapaz
Barcelona S.C.
Guayaquil
Cotopaxi
Riobamba
1797 Riobamba earthquake
Floreana Island
Isabela Island (Galápagos)
Darwin Island
Fernandina Island
Ecuadorian squirrel monkey
History of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
Daniel Noboa
Banana production in Ecuador

Ecuador Articles

Ecuador articles by quality and importance
Quality	Importance
Quality	Top	High	Mid	Low	NA	???	Total
FA		2	2	2			6
FM					4		4
GA	2	4	2	6			14
B	5	7	7	26		17	62
C	11	18	46	124		84	283
Start	19	42	121	760		549	1,491
Stub	11	11	45	3,414		1,110	4,591
List	3	3	9	67		43	125
Category				3	2,706		2,709
Disambig					8		8
File					80		80
Portal					14		14
Project					16		16
Redirect	2		4	23	269		298
Template				1	241		242
Other					10		10
Assessed	53	87	236	4,426	3,348	1,803	9,953
Unassessed				2		74	76
Total	53	87	236	4,428	3,348	1,877	10,029
WikiWork factors (?)		ω = 36,347			Ω = 5.64

General images -

The following are images from various Ecuador-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Alpaca Scarf´s at the Otavalo Artisan Market. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 2Traditional Alpaca clothing at the Otavalo Artisan Market (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 3The banana boom of the mid-20th century boosted the economy of Guayaquil, where office buildings like these were built. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 4Brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), Tortuga Bay (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 5The Post Barrel on Floreana Island, formerly used by sailors to pass messages to any passing ships (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 6Satellite photo of the Galápagos islands overlaid with the names of the islands (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 7The chart of the Galápagos published by the English pirate William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684, the source of many of the islands' English names (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 8Water taxi in Puerto Ayora (2011) (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 9Galápagos penguin on Bartolomé Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 10A Galápagos tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) on Santa Cruz. C. nigra is the largest living species of tortoise, hunted to near extinction during the islands' whaling era. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 11A woman in Ecuadorian dress participating in the 2010 Carnaval del Pueblo. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 12The Wall of Tears at Puerto Villamil on Isabela, the largest of the Galapagos (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 13Juan Montalvo (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 14A manuscript map of the islands from the charts drafted by James Colnett of the British Royal Navy in 1793, adding additional names (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 15Waved albatrosses on Española (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 16The flag of Galápagos Province (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 17General Antonio José de Sucre, Commander In Chief, División del Sur. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 18Gould's illustration of Darwin's finches (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 19Former President Rafael Correa (left) attends President-elect Lenín Moreno's (middle) "changing of the guard" ceremony. The two PAIS leaders were considered close allies before Moreno's "de-Correaization" efforts started after he assumed the presidency. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 20School of scalloped hammerheads off Wolf Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 21The Spanish Historical Center in Quito, Ecuador (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 22Tumaco-La Tolita mythological figure in feathered costume. Between 100 BC and 100 AD. Found in Esmeraldas. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 23Major square of Quito. Painting of 18th century. Quito Painting Colonial School. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 24Daphne Major (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 25Julio Jaramillo is an icon of music. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 26Hand painted crafts at the Otavalo Artisan Market (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 27Seymour Airport on Baltra (2013) (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 28Orthographic projection centered over the Galápagos (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 29Galápagos dove on Española Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 30A satellite map of chlorophyll and phytoplankton concentration (top) paired with a map of oceanic surface temperatures at the same time (bottom). The thriving populations represented by green and yellow in the upper map correlate to areas of higher surface temperatures represented by yellow in the lower map (2 March 2009). (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 31Adult Galápagos sea lion resting on a park bench in Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 32Ecuadorian children on a Galápagos beach in the 1920s (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 33Leonidas Iza, president of CONAIE, a confederation of Ecuadorian Indigenous groups, in 2022 (from History of Ecuador)
Image 34Satellite maps of the concentration of chlorophyll (representing abundance of phytoplankton) during El Niño (top) and La Niña (bottom). The color scale goes from blue at the lowest concentrations to red at the highest. Currents that normally fertilize phytoplankton reverse during El Niño, resulting in barren oceans. The same currents are strengthened by La Niña, resulting in an explosion of ocean life. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 35Marine iguana (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 36Sunset on San Cristóbal Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 37Bottlenose dolphins jumping offshore of the islands (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 38Grapsus grapsus on the rocks (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 39A photograph of the Galápagos Islands from the International Space Station in October 2020. North is to the right. The sunglint reveals features usually difficult to spot, including the crater lake in the caldera of La Cumbre, the shield volcano that formed Fernandina Island. More details via click-through. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 40Puerto Ayora, the largest town in the Galápagos (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 41Admiralty chart of the Galápagos (1953) (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 42Antique dug out canoes in the courtyard of the Old Military Hospital in the Historic Center of Quito. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 43Location of the Galápagos Islands relative to continental Ecuador (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 44Map of the former Gran Colombia in 1824 (named in its time as Colombia), the Gran Colombia covered all the colored region. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 45Galápagos tortoise on Santa Cruz Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 46Traditional Handmade hats for sale at the Otavalo Artisan Market in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 47Eleanor Roosevelt visiting U.S. servicemen at Beta Base (Seymour Airport) on Baltra during World War II (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 48Blue-footed booby (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 49From an aircraft flying out of Baltra Island (on the right) and the Santa Cruz (on the left), the Itabaca Channel is the waterway between the islands. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 50North Seymour Island with Daphne Island in the distance (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 51Pinnacle Rock on Bartolomé Island, with Santiago in the background and a ferry on the right for scale (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 52The 1841 Admiralty chart drafted from FitzRoy's survey of the islands on HMS Beagle (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 53Incan ruins at Ingapirca (from History of Ecuador)
Image 54A Galápagos fur seal on Santiago Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 55A bowl of fanesca served in Quito, Ecuador. A traditional soup of Ecuador served around Easter. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 56Gen. José de Villamil, founder of the Ecuadorian Navy and first governor of the islands (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 57Isabela seen from the Spot Satellite (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 58Detail of the Galápagos on Abraham Ortelius's 1570 map of the Americas (from Galápagos Islands)

Did you know -

... that 2023 Ecuadorian presidential candidate Luisa González was pepper-sprayed by the National Police while on her way to register her candidacy?
... that Julian Assange's lawyer argued that the rules set by the Ecuadorian embassy requiring Assange to take care of his pet cat Michi were "denigrating"?
... that San Rafael Falls, once Ecuador's largest waterfall, was swallowed by a sinkhole in February 2020 and no longer exists?
... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
... that Lavinia Valbonesi, the first lady–designate of Ecuador, is a nutritionist who owns a fitness center in Tampa, Florida, and a healthy-dining location in Guayaquil?
... that in February 2023, Ecuadorian entrepreneur Omar Menéndez was elected the mayor of his canton the day after his assassination?

... that Panama hats are not actually made in Panama but in Ecuador?
... that the fastest-growing cities, receiving the least media attention, Esmeraldas, Manta, Salinas, and Machala all being port cities have doubled their growth, and have the most stable economies in the country, leaving Nueva Loja, the only inland city to have equalled that growth?
... that Ecuadorians refer to New York City as being Ecuador's third largest City based on the assumption that more Ecuadorians live in the Tri-State Region than in Cuenca?
... that Guayaquil (Ecuador's largest city) has the most modern airport of the Latin American region... (see municipalidad de guayaquil in red)
... that Quito (the capital of Ecuador) has the most extensive colonial district of Latin America?

Related portals

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WikiProject Ecuador
WikiProject Latin America countries
WikiProject Countries

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