Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)

In the Late Middle Ages, the Kingdom of Hungary, a country in Central Europe, experienced a period of interregnum in the early 14th century. Royal power was restored under Charles I (1308–1342), a scion of the Capetian House of Anjou. Gold and silver mines opened in his reign produced about one third of the world's total production up until the 1490s. The kingdom reached the peak of its power under Louis the Great (1342–1382) who led military campaigns against Lithuania, southern Italy and other faraway territories.

Kingdom of Hungary
Magyar Királyság (Hungarian)
Regnum Hungariae (Latin)
1301–1526
Top: Dynastic standard of the House of Anjou
Bottom: Royal standard of Matthias Corvinus
Kingdom of Hungary in the 14th century
StatusIn personal union with the Kingdom of Croatia
(see historical context section)
Capital
  • Buda (until 1315; 1408–1485; after 1490)
  • Temesvár (1315–1323)
  • Visegrád (1323–1408)
  • Bécs (1485–1490)
  • Székesfehérvár (place of diets, royal seat, crowning and burial site)
Common languagesLatin (ceremonial/liturgical/administrative), Hungarian, Croatian, Cuman, German, Greek, Slavic dialects, Romanian
Religion
Roman Catholic (official), Eastern Orthodox, Tengrism (among Cumans)
Demonym(s)Hungarian
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
King 
• 1301–1305 (first)
Ladislaus V
• 1516–1526 (last)
Louis II
Palatine 
• 1302–1309 (first)
Máté Csák
• 1526–1530 (last)
István Báthory
LegislatureRoyal Diet
Historical eraMedieval
• Extinction of the Árpád dynasty
14 January 1301
1301-1308
• Union of Hungary and Poland
1370-1382, 1440-1444
1443-1444
• Siege of Belgrade
4–22 July 1456
• Peace of Olomouc
2 April 1479
• Siege of Vienna
29 January – 1 June 1485
• Peasants' revolt of György Dózsa
9 April - 15 July 1514
• Beginning of the Reformation
1520
29 August 1526
CurrencyForint
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Kingdom of Hungary under the Árpád dynasty
Kingdom of Hungary
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
Ottoman Hungary
Part of a series on the
History of Hungary
Early history
Early medieval
Kingdom of the Gepids454–567
Ostrogothic Kingdom469–553
Avar Khaganate567–822
Hungarian invasions of Europe~800–970
Hungarian conquest862–895
Medieval
Principality of Hungary895–1000
Kingdom of Hungary1000–1301
Personal union with Croatia1102–1918
Golden Bull1222
Mongol invasion of Hungary1241–1242
Kingdom of Hungary1301–1526
Ottoman Wars1366–1526
Early modern
Reformation1520
Ottoman Wars1526–1699
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom1526–1570
Royal Hungary1526–1699
Ottoman Hungary1541–1699
Principality of Transylvania1570–1711
Bocskai uprising1604–1606
Wesselényi conspiracy1664–1671
Principality of Upper Hungary1682–1685
Kingdom of Hungary1699–1867
Late modern
Rákóczi's War of Independence1703–1711
Principality of Transylvania1711–1867
Hungarian Reform Era1825–1848
Revolution of 18481848–1849
Hungarian State1849
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy1867–1918
Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen1867–1918
World War I1914–1918
Interwar period1918–1941
Hungarian People's Republic1918–1919
Hungarian Soviet Republic1919
Hungarian Republic1919–1920
Treaty of Trianon1920
Kingdom of Hungary1920–1946
First Vienna Award1938
Governorate of Subcarpathia1939–1945
Second Vienna Award1940
Revisions of Délvidék1941
World War II1941–1945
Contemporary
Second Hungarian Republic1946–1949
Hungarian People's Republic1949–1989
Revolution of 1956 1956
Goulash Communism1956–1989
Third Hungarian Republic1989–2012
Hungarysince 2012
Topics
 Hungary portal
Part of a series on the
History of Slovakia
Early history
  • Roman era
  • Lombard state
  • Avar Khaganate
Medieval Slavic states
Principality of Hungary
(895 – 1000)
  • Principality of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
(1000 – 1526)
Ottoman Empire
(16th–17th century)
Habsburg monarchy
(1526–1918)
Czechoslovakia
(1918–1993)
Treaty of Trianon1920
Slovaks in Czechoslovakia 1918–1938
Slovak Soviet Republic 1919
Slovakia during World War II 1939–1945
Slovak Republic 1939–1945
Slovak National Uprising 1944
Slovaks in Czechoslovakia 1948–1989
Slovak Socialist Republic 1969–1990
Velvet Revolution 1989
Post-revolution Czechoslovakia 1989–1992
Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 1993
Contemporary Slovakia
Slovak Republic 1993–present
 Slovakia portal

The expansion of the Ottoman Empire reached the kingdom under Sigismund of Luxembourg (1387–1437). In the next decades, a talented military commander, John Hunyadi, directed the fight against the Ottomans. His victory at Nándorfehérvár (present-day Belgrade, Serbia) in 1456 stabilized the southern frontiers for more than half a century. The first king of Hungary without dynastic ancestry was Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490), who led several successful military campaigns and also became the King of Bohemia and the Duke of Austria. With his patronage Hungary became the first country which adopted the Renaissance from Italy.

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