First Mongol invasion of Hungary

The first Mongol invasion of Hungary (Hungarian: tatárjárás) started in March 1241, and the Mongols started to withdraw in late March 1242.

First Mongol invasion of Hungary
Part of the Mongol invasion of Europe

Mongol invasion depicted in Johannes de Thurocz's Chronica Hungarorum
DateMarch 1241 – April 1242
Location
Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Croatia (modern-day Hungary, Croatia, Slovakia, and parts of Serbia and Romania)
Result

Mongol victory

  • Defeat of Hungarian forces
  • Mongol failure to subjugate the kingdom and capture Béla IV.
  • Subsequent demands for submission by the Mongols in 1254, 1259, and 1264 are ignored leading to further raids, and eventually a second invasion.
Belligerents

Kingdom of Hungary

  • Voivodeship of Transylvania

Kingdom of Croatia
Knights Templar


Cumans


Minor belligerent:
Duchy of Austria
(until April 1241)
Golden Horde
(Mongol Empire)
Commanders and leaders

Béla IV of Hungary
Coloman of Slavonia  (DOW)
Ugrin Csák  
Denis Tomaj  
Pousa of Transylvania  
Benedict Osl
Nicholas Szák  
Paul Geregye
Simon Nagymartoni
Rembald de Voczon


Frederick II of Austria


Köten  
Batu Khan
Subutai
Shiban
Berke
Boroldai
Units involved
Primarily light cavalry
Knights Templar
Crossbowmen
Infantry
Cavalry, predominantly horse archers and lancers
Stone throwers
Possibly Chinese firearm units and other gunpowder units
Strength
~30,000 soldiers (contemporary sources)
Other estimations
(Mohi only):
80,000
25,000
50,000
~40,000 cavalry (contemporary sources)
Other estimations
(Mohi only):
70,000
25,000
50,000
Casualties and losses
10,000+ soldiers killed
Unknown, but heavy
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