Hyderabad State
Hyderabad State (ⓘ) was an independent monarchy/princely state located in the south-central Deccan region of Indian Subcontinent with its capital at the city of Hyderabad. It is now divided into the present-day state of Telangana, the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka, and the Marathwada region of Maharashtra in India.
State of Hyderabad | |||||||||||
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| 1724–1948 | |||||||||||
Flag (1947–1948)
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| Motto: "Al Azmat Allah" (Greatness belongs to God) "Ya Osman" (Oh Osman) | |||||||||||
Hyderabad (dark green) and Berar Province, not a part of Hyderabad State but also the Nizam's Dominion between 1853 and 1903 (light green) | |||||||||||
| Status | Independent/Mughal Successor State (1724–1798) Semi-indepenent under British Protection (1798–1858) Princely state of British Raj (1858–1947) Unrecognised Independent State (1947–1948) | ||||||||||
| Capital | Aurangabad (1724–1763) Hyderabad (1763–1948) | ||||||||||
| Official languages | Persian (1724–1886)
Urdu (1886–1948) | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Telugu (48.2%) Marathi (26.4%) Kannada (12.3%) Urdu (10.3%) | ||||||||||
| Religion | Hinduism (81%) Islam (13% and State Religion) Christianity and others (6%) (spread among Anglo-Indian population expanding to Secunderabad and Hyderabad) | ||||||||||
| Government | Absolute Monarchy | ||||||||||
| Nizam/Prince (1858–1947) | |||||||||||
• 1720–1748 | Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I (first) | ||||||||||
• 1911–56 | Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII (last, also was Rajpramukh from 1950) | ||||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||||
• 1724–1730 | Iwaz Khan (first) | ||||||||||
• 1947–1948 | Mir Laiq Ali (Last) | ||||||||||
| Historical era | . | ||||||||||
• Established | 1724 | ||||||||||
• Telangana Rebellion | 1946 | ||||||||||
| 18 September 1948 | |||||||||||
• States Reorganisation Act | 1 November 1956 | ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| 1941 | 214,187 km2 (82,698 sq mi) | ||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||
• 1941 | 16,338,534 | ||||||||||
| Currency | Hyderabadi rupee | ||||||||||
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| Today part of | India | ||||||||||
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The state was ruled from 1724 to 1857 by the Nizam, who was initially a viceroy of the Mughal empire in the Deccan. Hyderabad gradually became the first princely state to come under British paramountcy signing a subsidiary alliance agreement. During the British rule in 1901, the state had an average revenue of Rs. 417,000,000, making it the wealthiest princely state in India. The native inhabitants of Hyderabad Deccan, regardless of ethnic origin, are called "Mulki" (countryman), a term still used today.
The dynasty declared itself an independent monarchy during the final years of the British Raj. After the Partition of India, Hyderabad signed a standstill agreement with the new dominion of India, continuing all previous arrangements except for the stationing of Indian troops in the state. Hyderabad's location in the middle of the Indian Union, as well as its diverse cultural heritage, led to India's annexation of the state in 1948. Subsequently, Mir Osman Ali Khan, the 7th Nizam, signed an instrument of accession, joining India.