China–European Union relations

Relations between the European Union (EU) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) or Sino–European relations are bilateral relations that were established in 1975 between the PRC and the European Community. The EU is the PRC's largest trading partner, and the PRC is the EU's largest trade partner.

Since March 2019, the European Union has referred to China as a "systemic rival". In December 2020, the European Union and China announced that they reached an investment deal that was first launched in 2013, referred to as the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). In March 2021, it was reported that there would be serious doubts about the approval of the deal in the European Parliament given China's sanctions against members of the parliament, the European Council's Political and Security Committee, and European think tanks. In May 2021, the European Commission announced plans to reduce dependence on China in strategic areas of the economy. The same month, the European Parliament froze ratification of the CAI. The EU has put an arms embargo and numerous anti-dumping measures against the PRC in place.