Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी), romanized: nēpāla kamyuniṣṭa pārṭī (ēkīkr̥ta mārksavādī-lēninavādī); abbr. CPN (UML)) is a communist political party in Nepal and the largest party in the current ruling coalition government. The party emerged as one of the major parties in Nepal after the end of the Panchayat era.
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी) | |
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| Chairman | KP Sharma Oli |
| Secretary | Gokarna Bista Yogesh Bhattarai Padma Kumari Aryal Chhabilal Bishwakarma Lekh Raj Bhatta Raghubir Mahaseth |
| General Secretary | Shankar Pokhrel |
| Spokesperson | Pradeep Kumar Gyawali |
| Senior Vice-chairman | Ishwar Pokhrel |
| Vice-chairman | Astalaxmi Shakya Surendra Pandey Subas Chandra Nemwang Bishnu Prasad Paudel Yubraj Gyawali Ram Bahadur Thapa |
| Deputy General Secretary | Pradeep Kumar Gyawali Bishnu Rimal Prithvi Subba Gurung |
| Founded | 6 January 1991 |
| Merger of | |
| Headquarters | Thapathali, Kathmandu |
| Newspaper | Nawayug |
| Student wing | ANNFSU |
| Youth wing | National Youth Association, Nepal |
| Women's wing | All Nepal Women's Association |
| Labour wing | GEFONT |
| Membership | 550,000 (August 2023 est.) |
| Ideology | Communism Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy |
| Political position | Left-wing to far-left |
| International affiliation | IMCWP |
| ECN Status | National Party (2nd largest) |
| House of Representatives | 78 / 275 |
| National Assembly | 10 / 59 |
| Provincial Assemblies | 161 / 550 |
| Mayors/Chairs | 206 / 753 |
| Councillors | 11,890 / 35,011 |
| Election symbol | |
| Party flag | |
| Website | |
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Khadga Prasad Oli has been serving as party chairman since the party's ninth general convention in 2014. The party currently holds 80 seats in the House of Representatives, having won 26.95% of the party list votes in the 2022 general election and is the second largest parliamentary group. The party was the major coalition partner in the current CPN (Maoist Centre) led coalition government until withdrawing its support on 27 February. There have been four prime ministers from the party while the party has led the government five times.
CPN (UML) was the main opposition after the first election following the restoration of multi-party democracy. The party led a minority government under Manmohan Adhikari following the 1994 election. The party joined a coalition government with CPN (Maoist) in 2008 in the first elections after the end of the monarchy in Nepal and led two governments under Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal during the term of the 1st Constituent Assembly. The party also led the first government after the promulgation of the new constitution with KP Sharma Oli serving as prime minister. Oli again served as prime minister following the 2017 election.
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The party was formed in January 1991 after the merger of the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist). The party merged with CPN (Maoist Centre) to form the Nepal Communist Party on 17 May 2018 but the new party was dissolved and CPN (UML) was revived by a Supreme Court decision on 8 March 2021. The party claimed to have 855,000 members as of December 2021 making them the largest party in Nepal by membership which later fell down to 550,000 in October 2023.