Antimony trichloride
Antimony trichloride is the chemical compound with the formula SbCl3. It is a soft colorless solid with a pungent odor and was known to alchemists as butter of antimony.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Antimony trichloride | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Trichlorostibane | |||
| Other names
Antimony(III) chloride, Butter of antimony, Antimonous chloride, Stibous chloride, Trichlorostibine | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.031 | ||
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
| MeSH | Antimony+trichloride | ||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1733 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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SMILES
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| Properties | |||
| Cl3Sb | |||
| Molar mass | 228.11 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless solid, very hygroscopic | ||
| Odor | Sharp, pungent | ||
| Density | 3.14 g/cm3 (25 °C) 2.51 g/cm3 (150 °C) | ||
| Melting point | 73.4 °C (164.1 °F; 346.5 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 223.5 °C (434.3 °F; 496.6 K) | ||
| 601.1 g/100 ml (0 °C) 985.1 g/100 mL (25 °C) 1.357 kg/100 mL (40 °C) | |||
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone, ethanol, CH2Cl2, phenyls, ether, dioxane, CS2, CCl4, CHCl3, cyclohexane, selenium(IV) oxychloride Insoluble in pyridine, quinoline, organic bases | ||
| Solubility in acetic acid | 143.9 g/100 g (0 °C) 205.8 g/100 g (10 °C) 440.5 g/100 g (25 °C) 693.7 g/100 g (45 °C) | ||
| Solubility in acetone | 537.6 g/100 g (18 °C) | ||
| Solubility in benzoyl chloride | 139.2 g/100 g (15 °C) 169.5 g/100 g (25 °C) 2.76 kg/100 g (70 °C) | ||
| Solubility in hydrochloric acid | 20 °C: 8.954 g/ g (4.63% w/w) 8.576 g/ g (14.4% w/w) 7.898 g/ g (36.7% w/w) | ||
| Solubility in p-Cymene | 69.5 g/100 g (-3.5 °C) 85.5 g/100 g (10 °C) 150 g/100 g (30 °C) 2.17 kg/100 g (70 °C) | ||
| Vapor pressure | 13.33 Pa (18.1 °C) 0.15 kPa (50 °C) 2.6 kPa (100 °C) | ||
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) |
-86.7·10−6 cm3/mol | ||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.46 | ||
| Structure | |||
| Orthorhombic | |||
| 3.93 D (20 °C) | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
183.3 J/mol·K | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
110.5 J/mol·K | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
-381.2 kJ/mol | ||
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
-322.5 kJ/mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H314, H411 | |||
| P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P310 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
2
0
1 | ||
| Flash point | Non-flammable | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
525 mg/kg (oral, rat) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb) | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb) | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 1224 | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
Antimony trifluoride Antimony tribromide Antimony triiodide | ||
Other cations |
Nitrogen trichloride Phosphorus trichloride Arsenic trichloride Bismuth chloride | ||
Related compounds |
Antimony pentachloride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
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