Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. Hydrochloric acid is an important laboratory reagent and industrial chemical.
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Chlorane | |||
Other names
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| Identifiers | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.210.665 | ||
| EC Number |
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| E number | E507 (acidity regulators, ...) | ||
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1789 | ||
| Properties | |||
| HCl(aq) | |||
| Molar mass | 36.46 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent liquid, fumes in air if concentrated | ||
| Odor | Pungent characteristic | ||
| Density | 1.18 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | Concentration-dependent – see table | ||
| Boiling point | Concentration-dependent – see table | ||
| log P | 0.00 | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | −5.9 (HCl gas) | ||
| Pharmacology | |||
| A09AB03 (WHO) B05XA13 (WHO) | |||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H290, H314, H335 | |||
| P260, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
3
0
1 ACID | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
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Related compounds |
Hydrogen chloride | ||
| Supplementary data page | |||
| Hydrochloric acid (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
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