Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide (also spelled as carbon disulphide) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CS2 and structure S=C=S. It is a colorless, flammable, neurotoxic liquid that is used as a building block in organic synthesis. Pure carbon disulfide has a pleasant, ether- or chloroform-like odor, but commercial samples are usually yellowish and are typically contaminated with foul-smelling impurities.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Carbon disulfide | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Methanedithione | |
| Other names
Carbon bisulfide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 1098293 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.767 |
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1131 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
| CS2 | |
| Molar mass | 76.13 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid Impure: light-yellow |
| Odor | Pleasant, ether- or chloroform-like Commercial: Foul, like rotten radish |
| Density | 1.539 g/cm3 (−186°C) 1.2927 g/cm3 (0 °C) 1.266 g/cm3 (25 °C) |
| Melting point | −111.61 °C (−168.90 °F; 161.54 K) |
| Boiling point | 46.24 °C (115.23 °F; 319.39 K) |
| 2.58 g/L (0 °C) 2.39 g/L (10 °C) 2.17 g/L (20 °C) 0.14 g/L (50 °C) | |
| Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, oil, CHCl3, CCl4 |
| Solubility in formic acid | 4.66 g/100 g |
| Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide | 45 g/100 g (20.3 °C) |
| Vapor pressure | 48.1 kPa (25 °C) 82.4 kPa (40 °C) |
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) |
−42.2·10−6 cm3/mol |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.627 |
| Viscosity | 0.436 cP (0 °C) 0.363 cP (20 °C) |
| Structure | |
Molecular shape |
Linear |
| 0 D (20 °C) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
75.73 J/(mol·K) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
151 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
88.7 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
64.4 kJ/mol |
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
1687.2 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Inhalation hazards |
Irritant; neurotoxic |
Eye hazards |
Irritant |
Skin hazards |
Irritant |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H225, H315, H319, H361, H372 | |
| P210, P281, P305+P351+P338, P314 ICSC 0022 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
3
4
0 |
| Flash point | −43 °C (−45 °F; 230 K) |
| 102 °C (216 °F; 375 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 1.3–50% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
3188 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
LC50 (median concentration) |
>1670 ppm (rat, 1 h) 15500 ppm (rat, 1 h) 3000 ppm (rat, 4 h) 3500 ppm (rat, 4 h) 7911 ppm (rat, 2 h) 3165 ppm (mouse, 2 h) |
LCLo (lowest published) |
4000 ppm (human, 30 min) |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 20 ppm C 30 ppm 100 ppm (30-minute maximum peak) |
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) ST 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) [skin] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
500 ppm |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds |
Carbon dioxide Carbonyl sulfide Carbon diselenide |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Carbon disulfide (data page) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
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