Portal:Gibraltar

The Gibraltar Portal

Location of Gibraltar (dark green)

United Kingdom shown in pale green

Gibraltar (/dʒɪˈbrɔːltər/ jih-BRAWL-tər, Spanish: [xiβɾalˈtaɾ]) is a British Overseas Territory and city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean (Strait of Gibraltar). It has an area of 6.7 km² (2.6 sq mi) and is bordered to the north by Spain (Campo de Gibraltar). The landscape is dominated by the Rock of Gibraltar, at the foot of which is a densely populated town area, home to some 32,688 people (2022 estimate), primarily Gibraltarians.

Gibraltar was founded as a permanent watchtower by the Almohads in 1160. It switched control between the Nasrids, Castilians and Marinids in the Late Middle Ages, acquiring larger strategic clout upon the destruction of nearby Algeciras circa 1375. It became again part of the Crown of Castile in 1462. In 1704, Anglo-Dutch forces captured Gibraltar from Spain during the War of the Spanish Succession, and it was ceded to Great Britain in perpetuity under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. It became an important base for the Royal Navy, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars and World War II, as it controlled the narrow entrance and exit to the Mediterranean Sea, the Strait of Gibraltar, with half the world's seaborne trade passing through it.

The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations, as Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians overwhelmingly rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum, and for shared sovereignty in a 2002 referendum. Nevertheless, Gibraltar maintains close economic and cultural links with Spain, with many Gibraltarians speaking Spanish as well as a local dialect known as Llanito. (Full article...)

Selected article -

Upper section of Charles V Wall in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Gibraltar

The Charles V Wall is a 16th-century defensive curtain wall that forms part of the fortifications of the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Originally called Muralla de San Benito (English: St. Benedict's Wall), it was built in 1540 and strengthened in 1552 by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. The wall remains largely intact and extends from South Bastion, which was once at the water's edge in the harbour, to the top ridge of the Rock of Gibraltar. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Barbary macaques in Gibraltar
Military history of Gibraltar during World War II
Llanito
Governor of Gibraltar
Gibraltar International Airport
Rock of Gibraltar
History of the Jews in Gibraltar
History of Gibraltar
List of sieges of Gibraltar
Europa Point Lighthouse
Flat Bastion
Fortifications of Gibraltar
Flat Bastion Road
Moorish Gibraltar
Ocean Village Marina, Gibraltar
Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar
Death on the Rock
Operation Flavius
2019 World Pool Masters
Tunnels of Gibraltar
Gorham's Cave
Axis ship-watching activities in the Gibraltar area
Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice
Operation Tracer
Water supply and sanitation in Gibraltar
Capture of Gibraltar
Trafalgar Cemetery
Inundation, Gibraltar

Selected picture

Photo credit: James Cridland

Re-enactment by Great Siege soldiers, Casemates Square, Gibraltar. The Great Siege of Gibraltar was an unsuccessful attempt by Spain and France to capture Gibraltar from the British during the Anglo-Spanish War.

Selected quote

“

Gibraltar is a place which Englishmen ought to know and to revere. It affords at once a monument of her past deeds and a proof of her present power.

”

— Lord St. Vincent's biographer, 1838.

Subcategories

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Gibraltar

Gibraltar-related lists

Buildings and structures in Gibraltar

Culture of Gibraltar

Economy of Gibraltar

Education in Gibraltar

Environment of Gibraltar

Geography of Gibraltar

Gibraltarian people

Government of Gibraltar

Health in Gibraltar

History of Gibraltar

Organisations based in Gibraltar

Politics of Gibraltar

Society of Gibraltar

Images of Gibraltar

Gibraltar stubs

Selected biography -

A Bust of Mackintosh in John Mackintosh Square

John Mackintosh GMH (15 July 1865 – 28 February 1940) was a Gibraltarian philanthropist and benefactor. He made his money selling coal to the British navy. Mackintosh left his money to charitable institutions such as the Jewish Homes and Mount Alvernia charities which provide residential care for the elderly of Gibraltar. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies
Peter Caruana Joe Bossano George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield George Don (British Army officer) Edward Cornwallis Joshua Hassan Bruce Cooper Alfred Holmes Alexander George Woodford Sir William Green, 1st Baronet John Thomas Jones Clive Finlayson Simón Susarte John Leake John Vereker, 6th Viscount Gort

Did you know...

... that Dorothy Ellicott was the first woman to be elected to two different Gibraltar Councils and was posthumously awarded the Gibraltar Medallion of Honour on Gibraltar National Day 2008?
... that in 1939, excavations beneath John Mackintosh Square in Gibraltar for the construction of an air-raid shelter revealed no signs of any foundations, suggesting it has always been an open square?
... that capital punishment in Gibraltar was last enforced in 1944 when British hangman Albert Pierrepoint travelled undercover to the territory to hang two young Spanish spies? (25 July 2012, 5,697 views)
... that the Gibraltar Museum houses the remains of a 14th-century Moorish bath house, once the private baths of the Governor of Gibraltar during the Marinid dynasty? (26 July 2012, 2,222 views)
... that the Europa Point Lighthouse at Gibraltar is the only lighthouse operated by Trinity House on continental Europe outside the United Kingdom? (27 July 2012, 4,122 views)
... that Giovanni Battista Calvi was an Italian military engineer who worked on many important Spanish defensive projects in the 1500s, to include those in the now British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar?

General images

The following are images from various Gibraltar-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Foreign Secretary William Hague and Minister for Europe David Lidington with Chief Minister of Gibraltar Fabian Picardo at a meeting in London, 28 August 2013 (from Culture of Gibraltar)
Image 2The closed gates at the border between Gibraltar and Spain, 1977 (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 3The Sortie made by the Garrison of Gibraltar in the Morning of 27 November 1781 by John Trumbull, depicting a British attack that occurred during the Great Siege of Gibraltar (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 4Gibraltar, 1654 by Jan Peeters I (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 5Sir George Rooke, the commander of the Anglo-Dutch fleet that conquered Gibraltar in the name of Archduke Charles of Austria (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 6Thousands of Gibraltarians dress in their national colours of red and white and fill Grand Casemates Square during the 2013 Gibraltar National Day celebrations (from Culture of Gibraltar)
Image 7Castle Street, Gibraltar, by Frederick Leeds Edridge, 1833 (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 8Gibraltar's country identifier is GBZ (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 9The United States' Great White Fleet visiting Gibraltar harbour in February 1909 (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 10Searchlights on the Rock of Gibraltar during an air raid practice on 20 November 1942 (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 11Gibraltar's Moorish Baths, now incorporated into the Gibraltar Museum (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 12View across Gibraltar looking north, by Frederick William J. Shore (1883) (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 13Special passes were required to enter Gibraltar proper at night, whilst the Spanish civil war was raging 1936. (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 14The arms granted to the city of Gibraltar by a Royal Warrant passed in Toledo on 10 July 1502 by Isabella I of Castile (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 15Spanish border pass for Gibraltarian residents, permitting day visits only. (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 16A map of Gibraltar and its fortifications, drawn in 1799 by Jean-Denis Barbié du Bocage (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 17Gibraltar Bus Company bus routes (right-click to enlarge). (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 18Charles V Wall, built by the Spanish to control access to the south side of Gibraltar after the pirate raid of September 1540 (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 19Gibraltar's Royal Navy Base (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 20Timetable on a bus shelter (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 21Gibraltar Airport and border area. Showing runway (Gibraltar) and pier behind (Spain). Officially, any exact line is still disputed (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 22Location of Gibraltar in the far south of the Iberian Peninsula (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 23Traffic drives on the right (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 24The Explosion of the Spanish Flagship during the Battle of Gibraltar by Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 25Gibraltar Cable Car (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 26Annotated satellite view of the Strait of Gibraltar (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 27A current Gibraltar rear number plate featuring the country identifier GBZ (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 28The 14th-century Tower of Homage, the largest surviving fragment of Gibraltar's Moorish Castle (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 29The Gibraltar House of Assembly (now the Gibraltar Parliament), established in 1969. (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 30Calypso Transport open top bus on discontinued route 10 (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 31North View of Gibraltar from Spanish Lines by John Mace (1782) (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 32MV Aurora (2000) berthed adjacent to the Gibraltar Cruise Terminal at the Western Arm of the North Mole (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 33"Gibraltar Woman" – a Neanderthal who lived in Gibraltar some 50,000 years ago (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 34The Pillars of Hercules depicted erroneously as an island on the Tabula Peutingeriana, an ancient Roman map (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 35Veüe du d'Estroit de Gibraltar et des Environs, avec les tranchées du Siège mis en 1704, by Louis Boudan (1704) (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 36The First Battle of Algeciras (6 July 1801) off Gibraltar, portrayed in Algéciras, 6 Juillet 1801 by Antoine Léon Morel-Fatio (from History of Gibraltar)
Image 37Gibraltar Bus Company Dennis Dart on route 4 at the Both Worlds bus terminus, Sandy Bay. (from Transport in Gibraltar)
Image 38Aerial view of Gibraltar as seen in 2011 (from History of Gibraltar)

Topics

Buildings: The Convent | Dudley Ward Tunnel | Garrison Library | Moorish Castle

Communications: .gi | Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation | Gibraltar Chronicle | Telecom dispute

Symbols: Coat of arms | Flag | Gibraltar Anthem | Other Flags

Related portals


European Union	Europe	Spain	United Kingdom

Things you can do

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Cleanup : Economy of Gibraltar, Operation Flavius
Expand : Llanito, History of the Maltese in Gibraltar, Roman Catholicism in Gibraltar
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Update : Demographics of Gibraltar, History of Gibraltar
Verify : Pillars of Hercules, Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party
Wikify : Demographics of Gibraltar, Death on the Rock

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