Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
	three-dimensional structure of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM_CSF)
Identifiers
Symbol	GM_CSF
Pfam	PF01109
Pfam clan	CL0053
InterPro	IPR000773
PROSITE	PDOC00584
SCOP2	2gmf / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Pfam
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

CSF2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1CSG, 2GMF, 4NKQ, 5C7X, 5D70, 5D71, 5D72, 4RS1
Identifiers
Aliases	CSF2, GMCSF, colony stimulating factor 2, CSF
External IDs	OMIM: 138960 MGI: 1339752 HomoloGene: 600 GeneCards: CSF2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	132,076,170 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	54,140,493 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	upper lobe of left lung; ; gallbladder; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; appendix; ; islet of Langerhans; ; muscle tissue; ; smooth muscle tissue; ; rectum; ; bone marrow; ; lymph node;
	Top expressed in
	left lung lobe; ; right lung lobe; ; jejunum; ; duodenum; ; piriform cortex; ; artery; ; haematopoietic system; ; thymus; ; colon; ; carotid body;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	growth factor activity; granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding; protein binding; protein tyrosine kinase activity; cytokine activity;
Cellular component	extracellular region; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; extracellular space;
Biological process	negative regulation of cytolysis; positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation; regulation of cell population proliferation; MAPK cascade; positive regulation of podosome assembly; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand; positive regulation of interleukin-23 production; positive regulation of gene expression; embryonic placenta development; epithelial fluid transport; regulation of gene expression; dendritic cell differentiation; myeloid dendritic cell differentiation; macrophage activation; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; immune response; monocyte differentiation; response to fluid shear stress; response to silicon dioxide; neutrophil differentiation; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep; histamine secretion; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus; regulation of myeloid cell differentiation; regulation of signaling receptor activity; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; macrophage differentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1437
	12981
	ENSG00000164400
	ENSMUSG00000018916
	P04141
	P01587
	NM_000758
	NM_009969
	NP_000749
	NP_034099
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functions as a cytokine. The pharmaceutical analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called sargramostim and molgramostim.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Clinical data

ATC code	L03AA09 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name Human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
CAS Number	83869-56-1^Y
DrugBank	DB00020^N
ChemSpider	none
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₆₃₉H₁₀₀₆N₁₆₈O₁₉₆S₈
Molar mass	14434.54 g·mol⁻¹
^NY (what is this?) (verify)

Unlike granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which specifically promotes neutrophil proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and eosinophils.

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