Gabon at the 2016 Summer Olympics

Gabon competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was the nation's tenth appearance at the Olympics.

Gabon Olympic Committee (French: Comité Olympique Gabonais) sent a total of six athletes, four men and two women, to compete in four different sports at these Games. The nation's roster was relatively smaller by nearly three quarters of its size from London 2012, where Gabon registered a team of 26 athletes. Among the sports represented by the athletes, Gabon made its Olympic debut in swimming.

Among the Gabonese athletes on the team were sprinters Wilfried Bingangoye and Ruddy Zang Milama, and taekwondo fighter Anthony Obame, who established history as the nation's first ever Olympic medalist, earning the silver in the men's heavyweight category (+80 kg) four years earlier. The most successful athlete of the Games, Obame led the team as Gabon's first male flag bearer in the opening ceremony since 1996.

Gabon, however, left Rio de Janeiro without a single Olympic medal, failing to reproduce it from the previous Games.