French expedition to Korea

The French expedition to Korea (French: Expédition française en Corée, Korean: 병인양요) was an 1866 punitive expedition undertaken by the Second French Empire against Joseon Korea in retaliation for the execution of seven French Catholic missionaries. The encounter over Ganghwa Island lasted nearly six weeks. The result was an eventual French retreat, and a check on French influence in the region. The encounter also confirmed Korea in its isolationism for another decade, until Japan forced it to open up to trade in 1876 through the Treaty of Ganghwa.

French expedition to Korea
병인양요/丙寅洋擾
Expédition française en Corée

French fleet in Ganghwa, Choseon
Date11 October – 22 November 1866
(1 month, 1 week and 4 days)
Location
Predominantly Ganghwa Island, some small engagements on the Korean Peninsula
Result

Joseon victory

  • French retreat; failure of punitive expedition
  • Korea reaffirms its isolationism
Belligerents
 Joseon dynasty  Second French Empire
Commanders and leaders
  • Pierre-Gustave Roze
  • Cap. Olivier
  • Com. Bochet
  • Lt. Thouars
Strength
10,000 600
1 frigate
2 corvettes
2 gunboats
2 dispatch boats
Casualties and losses
5 killed (3 at Munsu Fort)
2 wounded (at Munsu Fort)
2 missing		 3 killed
35 wounded
Korean name
Hangul
병인양요
Hanja
Revised RomanizationByeong-in yangyo
McCune–ReischauerPyŏng'in yangyo

In contemporary South Korea it is known as the Byeong-in yangyo, or "Western disturbance of the byeong-in year".

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