French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, sometimes called the Great French War, were a series of conflicts between the French and several European monarchies between 1792 and 1815. They encompass first the French Revolutionary Wars against the newly declared French Republic and from 1803 onwards the Napoleonic Wars against First Consul and later Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. They include the Coalition Wars as a subset: seven wars waged by various military alliances of great European powers, known as Coalitions, against Revolutionary France – later the First French Empire – and its allies between 1792 and 1815:
- War of the First Coalition (April 1792 – October 1797)
- War of the Second Coalition (November 1798 – March 1802)
- War of the Third Coalition (April 1805 – July 1806)
- War of the Fourth Coalition (October 1806 – July 1807)
- War of the Fifth Coalition (April – October 1809)
- War of the Sixth Coalition (March 1813 – May 1814)
- War of the Seventh Coalition, also known as the Hundred Days (March – July 1815)
| French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (including the Coalition Wars) | |||||||
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Click an image to load the appropriate article. Left to right, top to bottom: Battles of Toulon, Arcole, the Pyramids, Marengo, Trafalgar, Austerlitz, Berlin, Wagram, Leipzig, Paris, Waterloo | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
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French First Republic (1792–1804) First French Empire (1804–1815) French client states |
Main European powers: Great Britain Holy Roman Empire (pre-1806) Austrian Empire (from 1804) Kingdom of Prussia Russian Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Napoleon (until 1815) Jacques Pierre Brissot (until 1793) Maximilien Robespierre (until 1794) Paul Barras (until 1799) |
George III Francis I Frederick William II # Frederick William III Paul I # Alexander I | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
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French: 1,000,000 dead, wounded, missing, captured, or deserted (1792–1801) 306,000 killed (1805–15) |
Austrian: 514,700 killed, wounded, or captured (1792–97) 440,000 killed, wounded, or captured (1799–1801) 396,000 killed in action (1805–15) Prussians: 154,000 killed in action Russians: 299,000 killed in action | ||||||
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War of the Fourth Coalition: 700,000 deaths War of the Fifth Coalition: 300,000 deaths Peninsular War: 2,400,000 deaths War of the Sixth Coalition: 450,000 deaths War of the Seventh Coalition: 60,000 deaths | |||||||
Although the Coalition Wars are the most prominent subset of conflicts of this era, some French Revolutionary Wars such as the French invasion of Switzerland (1798), and some Napoleonic Wars such as the French invasion of Russia (June – December 1812) and the Peninsular War (October 1807 – April 1814), are not counted amongst the "Coalition Wars" proper.