Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)

Following the 2018 dissolution of the ethnic federalist, dominant party political coalition, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, there was an increase in tensions within the country, with newly resurgent regional and ethnically based factions carrying out armed attacks on military and civilians in multiple conflicts throughout Ethiopia.

This article is about the civil conflict since 2018. For the 1974 to 1991 conflict, see Ethiopian Civil War. For other uses, see Ethiopian civil war (disambiguation).

Ethiopian civil war (2018–present)
Part of the conflicts in the Horn of Africa

Territorial control as of January 2024
(For a more detailed, up-to-date, interactive map, see here).
Pro-federal government troops
  Ethiopian federal government and regional allies
  Eritrean Defence Forces
  Ethiopian federal government and Eritrean Defence Forces

Anti-federal government rebels

  Oromo Liberation Army
  Fano (Amhara militia)
Date2 April 2018 – present
(6 years, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Ethiopia with spillover in Al-Fashaga, Sudan, and Eritrea
Result

Ongoing

  • Oromo conflict (1973–present)
    • OLA insurgency (2018–present)
  • Benishangul-Gumuz conflict (2019–2022)
  • Tigray War (2020–2022)
  • Formation of the UFEFCF (2021)
  • al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia (2022)
  • War in Amhara (2023–present)
  • Ceasefire between Ethiopian government and some rebel groups
  • Start of peace talks between government of Ethiopia and the OLA on 25 April 2023
  • Conflict with the OLA resumes after peace talks failed in May 2023
Belligerents

 Ethiopia

 Eritrea

Arms suppliers:

 UFEFCF (Nov. 2021–)

  •  TPLF (2020–22)
  •  OLA
  • Agaw Liberation Front (2021–)
  •  SNLF (2021–)
  •  Somali State Resistance (2021–)
  • KDP (2021–)
  • Gambella People's Liberation Army (2021–)
  •  ARDUF (2021–22)
  • BPLM (2021–22)
Fano militia (2023–)

Al-Qaeda

Commanders and leaders
Ali Diyaar
Osman Abu Abdi Rahman
Units involved
  •  Tigray Defense Forces
  •  Oromo Liberation Army
 Unknown
Casualties and losses
10,383+ killed
8,000 captured
2 MiG-23 lost
2 Mi-35 lost
1 C-130 lost
1,555+ killed		 5,600 killed, 2,300 injured, 2,000 captured (Ethiopian military claim) 800+ killed, 100 captured (Ethiopian claim)
  1. Other maps of territorial control in this war are presented by MapEthiopia

These tensions further escalated when war broke out in the Tigray region between the federal government and the regional government in November 2020. The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) and Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) entered Tigray and took the capital of Mekelle. The Tigray Defense Forces retook control of most of Tigray in mid-2021 and formed an alliance with the OLA in late 2021. The alliance declared a coalition with seven smaller rebel groups, called the United Front of Ethiopian Federalist and Confederalist Forces.

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