Empire Corridor

The Empire Corridor is a 461-mile (742 km) passenger rail corridor in New York State running between Penn Station in New York City and Niagara Falls, New York. Major cities on the route include Poughkeepsie, Albany, Schenectady, Amsterdam, Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo. Much of the corridor was once part of the New York Central Railroad's main line.

Empire Corridor
Empire Corridor (red) as designated by the Federal Railroad Administration
Overview
OwnerCSX (Niagara–Poughkeepsie)
Metro-North (Poughkeepsie–Riverdale)
Amtrak (Riverdale–New York)
Termini
  • Niagara Falls
  • New York Penn Station
Stations35 (12 Amtrak, 20 Metro North, 3 shared)
Service
TypeHigher-speed rail, commuter rail
SystemAmtrak
CSX Transportation
ServicesEmpire Service, Ethan Allen Express, Adirondack, Lake Shore Limited, Maple Leaf, Berkshire Flyer, Hudson Line
Operator(s)CSX (Niagara–Schenectady)
Amtrak (Schenectady–Poughkeepsie)
Metro-North (Poughkeepsie–Yonkers)
Amtrak (Yonkers–New York)
Technical
Line length461 mi (742 km)
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Route map

CN Grimsby Subdivision
Maple Leaf to Toronto
Niagara River
Ontario, Canada
New York, United States
Niagara Falls, New York
Buffalo–Exchange Street
Buffalo–Depew
Rochester
Syracuse
Rome
Utica
Amsterdam
Adirondack to Montreal
Ethan Allen Express to Rutland
Schenectady
Albany–Rensselaer
Hudson
Rhinecliff
Poughkeepsie Yard
Poughkeepsie
New Hamburg
Wappingers Creek
Beacon
Fishkill Creek
Newburgh, Dutchess
& Connecticut RR
Dutchess Junction
Breakneck Ridge
Breakneck Tunnel
Cold Spring
Garrison Tunnel (southbound)
Garrison
Manitou
Anthony's Nose Tunnel
Middle Tunnel
Little Tunnel
Roa Hook
Annsville Creek
Peekskill
Montrose
Cortlandt
Crugers
Oscawana
Oscawana Tunnel
Croton North
Croton–Harmon
Croton River
Ossining
Scarborough
Philipse Manor
Tarrytown
Irvington
Ardsley-on-Hudson
Dobbs Ferry
Hastings-on-Hudson
Greystone
Glenwood
Yonkers
Ludlow
Mount St. Vincent
Riverdale
Empire Connection
Northeast Corridor to Washington
New York Penn Station
Northeast Corridor to Boston

Amtrak's Empire Service and Maple Leaf serve the entire length of the Empire Corridor, with the Maple Leaf continuing northwest to Toronto. The Lake Shore Limited follows most of the corridor from New York City, diverging west to Chicago at Buffalo–Depew station. The Berkshire Flyer takes the corridor to Albany–Rensselaer before diverging east to Pittsfield, while the Adirondack and Ethan Allen Express travel one stop further to Schenectady before diverging north to Montreal and Burlington, respectively. Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line merges with the Empire Corridor in Spuyten Duyvil, Bronx, just south of Riverdale, providing commuter rail service between Poughkeepsie, New York and Grand Central Terminal.

The line is electrified by both overhead catenary and top-running third rail on the Amtrak-owned segment between Penn Station and 41st Street, and by under-running third rail on the Metro-North segment, from the merge with the Hudson Line to Croton–Harmon. The Amtrak-owned section between 41st Street and the merge with the Hudson Line is unpowered and can only be served by diesel or dual-mode trains.

The corridor is also one of ten federally designated high-speed rail corridors in the United States. If the proposed high-speed service were built on the corridor, trains traveling between Buffalo and New York City would travel at speeds of up to 125 mph (201 km/h). In the 1890s, the Empire State Express between New York City and Buffalo was about 1 hour faster than Amtrak's service in 2013. On September 14, 1891, the Empire State Express covered the 436 miles (702 km) between New York City and Buffalo in 7 hours and 6 minutes (including stops), averaging 61.4 mph (98.8 km/h), with a top speed of 82 mph (132 km/h).

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