Diborane
Diborane(6), commonly known as diborane, is the chemical compound with the formula B2H6. It is a toxic, colorless, and pyrophoric gas with a repulsively sweet odor. Given its simple formula, borane is a fundamental boron compound. It has attracted wide attention for its electronic structure. Several of its derivatives are useful reagents.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Diborane(6) | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.039.021 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1911 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
| B2H6 | |
| Molar mass | 27.67 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | repulsive and sweet |
| Density | 1.131 g/L |
| Melting point | −164.85 °C (−264.73 °F; 108.30 K) |
| Boiling point | −92.49 °C (−134.48 °F; 180.66 K) |
| Reacts | |
| Solubility in other solvents | Diglyme and Diethyl Ether, |
| Vapor pressure | 39.5 atm (16.6 °C) |
| Structure | |
| Tetrahedral (for boron) | |
Molecular shape |
see text |
| 0 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
56.7 J/(mol·K) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
232.1 J/(mol·K) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
36.4 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
toxic, highly flammable, reacts with water |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H220, H280, H314, H330, H370, H372 | |
| P210, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P314, P320, P321, P363, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
4
4
3 W |
| 38 °C (100 °F; 311 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 0.8–88% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LC50 (median concentration) |
40 ppm (rat, 4 h) 29 ppm (mouse, 4 h) 40–80 ppm (rat, 4 h) 159–181 ppm (rat, 15 min) |
LCLo (lowest published) |
125 ppm (dog, 2 h) 50 ppm (hamster, 8 h) |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) |
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
15 ppm |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0432 |
| Related compounds | |
Related boron compounds |
Decaborane BF3 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
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