Deodoro da Fonseca
Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca (Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐnuˈɛw deoˈdɔɾu da fõˈsekɐ]; 5 August 1827 – 23 August 1892) was a Brazilian politician and military officer who served as the first president of Brazil. He was born in Alagoas in a military family, followed a military career, and became a national figure. Fonseca took office as provisional president after heading a military coup that deposed Emperor Pedro II and established the First Brazilian Republic in 1889, disestablishing the Empire. After his election in 1891, he stepped down the same year under great political pressure when he dissolved the National Congress. He died less than a year later.
Deodoro da Fonseca | |
|---|---|
Generalissimo Fonseca in 1889 | |
| President of Brazil | |
| In office 15 November 1889 – 23 November 1891 | |
| Vice President | None (1889–1891) Floriano Peixoto (Feb–Nov 1891) |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Floriano Peixoto |
| President of the Rio Grande do Sul Province | |
| In office 8 May 1886 – 9 November 1886 | |
| Preceded by | Barão de Lucena |
| Succeeded by | Miguel Calmon du Pin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 August 1827 Alagoas da Lagoa do Sul, Alagoas, Empire of Brazil |
| Died | 23 August 1892 (aged 65) Rio de Janeiro, Federal District, Brazil |
| Political party | Independent |
| Spouse |
Mariana Cecília de Sousa Meireles
(m. 1860) |
| Relations | Hermes da Fonseca (nephew) |
| Parent(s) | Manuel Mendes da Fonseca Galvão (father) Rosa Maria Paulina de Barros Cavalcanti (mother) |
| Alma mater | Praia Vermelha Military School |
| Signature | |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Empire of Brazil United States of Brazil |
| Branch/service | Brazilian Army Brazilian Navy |
| Years of service | 1843–1892 |
| Rank | Generalíssimo (Army) Almirantíssimo (Navy) |
| Commands |
|
| Battles/wars | Great Siege of Montevideo Praieira Revolt
|
| Awards | Order of the Southern Cross |
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