Californium compounds

Few compounds of californium have been made and studied. The only californium ion that is stable in aqueous solutions is the californium(III) cation. The other two oxidation states are IV (strong oxidizing agents) and II (strong reducing agents). The element forms a water-soluble chloride, nitrate, perchlorate, and sulfate and is precipitated as a fluoride, oxalate or hydroxide. If problems of availability of the element could be overcome, then CfBr₂ and CfI₂ would likely be stable.

The +3 oxidation state is represented by californium(III) oxide (yellow-green, Cf₂O₃), californium(III) fluoride (bright green, CfF₃) and californium(III) iodide (lemon yellow, CfI₃). Other +3 oxidation states include the sulfide and metallocene. Californium(IV) oxide (black brown, CfO₂), californium(IV) fluoride (green, CfF₄) represent the IV oxidation state. The II state is represented by californium(II) bromide (yellow, CfBr₂) and californium(II) iodide (dark violet, CfI₂).

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