Khanate of Bukhara
The Khanate of Bukhara (or Khanate of Bukhoro) was an Uzbek state in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785, founded by the Abu'l-Khayrid dynasty, a branch of the Shaybanids. From 1533 to 1540, Bukhara briefly became its capital during the reign of Ubaydallah Khan. The Khanate reached its greatest extent and influence under its penultimate Abu'l-Khayrid ruler, the scholarly Abdullah Khan II (r. 1557–1598).
Khanate of Bukhara | |||||||||||||||
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| 1501–1785 | |||||||||||||||
The Khanate of Bukhara (green), c. 1598. | |||||||||||||||
| Capital |
39°46′N 64°26′E | ||||||||||||||
| Common languages |
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| Religion | Islam (Sunni, Naqshbandi Sufism) | ||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Bukharan | ||||||||||||||
| Government | Khanate | ||||||||||||||
| Khan | |||||||||||||||
• 1501–1510 | Muhammad Shibani | ||||||||||||||
• 1583–1598 | Abdullah Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1599–1605 | Baqi Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1606–1611 | Vali Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1611–1642 | Imam Quli Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1642–1645 | Nadr Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1747–1753 | Muhammad Rahim (usurper) | ||||||||||||||
• 1758–1785 | Abu'l-Ghazi Khan | ||||||||||||||
| Ataliq | |||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early modern period | ||||||||||||||
• Muhammad Shibani conquers Bukhara from Timurid Empire | 1501 | ||||||||||||||
• Establishment of Janid dynasty | 1599 | ||||||||||||||
• Khanate is conquered by Nader Shah after Mohammad Hakim surrenders | 1745 | ||||||||||||||
• Manghit dynasty takes control after Nader Shah dies and his empire breaks up | 1747 | ||||||||||||||
• Establishment of Emirate of Bukhara | 1785 | ||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||
• 1902 | 2,000,000 est. | ||||||||||||||
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In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Khanate was ruled by the Janid dynasty (Astrakhanids or Toqay Timurids). They were the last Genghisid descendants to rule Bukhara. In 1740, it was conquered by Nader Shah, the Shah of Iran. After his death in 1747, the khanate was controlled by the non-Genghisid descendants of the Uzbek emir Khudayar Bi, through the prime ministerial position of ataliq. In 1785, his descendant, Shah Murad, formalized the family's dynastic rule (Manghit dynasty), and the khanate became the Emirate of Bukhara. The Manghits were non-Genghisid and took the Islamic title of Emir instead of Khan since their legitimacy was not based on descent from Genghis Khan.