Battle of Buxar

The Battle of Buxar was fought between 22 and 23 October 1764, between the forces of the British East India Company, under the command of Major Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Balwant Singh, Maharaja of the Banaras State; Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal; Shuja-ud-Daula, Nawab of Awadh; and Shah Alam II, Emperor of the Mughal Empire. The battle was fought at Buxar, a "strong fortified town" within the territory of Bihar, located on the banks of the Ganges river about 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Patna; it was a challenging victory for the British East India Company. The war was brought to an end by the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765. The defeated Indian rulers were forced to sign this treaty, granting the East India Company diwani rights, which allowed them to collect revenue from the territories of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa on behalf of the Mughal emperor. This gave the company immense economic control, enabling them to pass financial policies to exploit the resources of the region for their own benefit.

Battle of Buxar
Part of Decline of the Mughal Empire

A portrait of Hector Munro, 8th laird of Novar
Date22–23 October 1764
Location
Result

Company victory

  • Treaty of Allahabad
  • East India Company gains diwani rights to the Bengal Subah on behalf of the Mughal Emperor
Belligerents

East India Company

Kingdom of Kashi-Benares
Mughal Empire
Bengal
Awadh
Commanders and leaders

Sir Hector Munro

Balwant Singh
Shah Alam II 
Najaf Khan
Mir Qasim
Shuja-ud-Daula
Strength
17,072 40,112
Casualties and losses
2,000 killed
4,000 wounded
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