Battle of Kulikovo

The Battle of Kulikovo (Russian: Куликовская битва, romanized: Kulikovskaya bitva) was fought between the forces of Mamai and Russian forces led by Grand Prince Dmitry of Moscow. The battle took place on 8 September 1380, at Kulikovo Field near the Don River (now Tula Oblast, Russia) and was won by Dmitry, who became known as Donskoy ("of the Don") after the battle.

Battle of Kulikovo
Part of the Great Troubles

Dmitry Donskoy on the way to Kulikovo Field, miniature from the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible
Date8 September 1380
Location
Kulikovo Field (now Tula Oblast)
Result Russian victory
Belligerents

Russian principalities:

  • Principality of Moscow
  • Principality of Beloozero
  • Principality of Yaroslavl
  • Principality of Rostov
  • Principality of Starodub
  • Principality of Mologa
  • Principality of Kashin
  • Princes from Vyazma and Dorogobuzh
  • Part of Upper Oka Principalities
  • Lithuanian princes of Polotsk and Bryansk in exile

Mamai, controlling the western part of the Golden Horde

  • European mercenaries
  • Principality of Ryazan

  • Lithuania (arrived too late to aid Mamai; retreated at the news of Mamai's defeat)
Commanders and leaders
Dmitry Ivanovich of Moscow
Vladimir Andreyevich the Bold
Mamai
Muhammad Bolak  
Strength
30,000–50/60,000 30,000–100,000

Although the victory did not end Mongol domination over Russia, it is traditionally regarded as the turning point at which Mongol influence began to wane and Moscow's power began to rise. The battle would allow Moscow to strengthen its claims of ascendancy over the other Russian principalities, in which it would ultimately become the centre of a centralized Russian state.

The victory at Kulikovo is commemorated in Russia as a Day of Military Honour.

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