Arab separatism in Khuzestan

Arab separatism in Khuzestan was a decades-long separatist Arab movement in the western part of the Khuzestan Province in Iran.

Arab separatism in Khuzestan

Map of Iran with Khuzestan highlighted
Date1922 – c.2020
(98 years)
Location
Status

Ended

  • Several uprisings suppressed
  • Political crackdown by the Iranian government against perceived civil disobedience
Belligerents

Sublime State of Persia (1922–1925)

1922–1924
Sheikhdom of Mohammerah
Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979)

1950s–1960s

  • ALF
  • NFLA

Interim Government and Council of the Islamic Revolution (1979–1980)


Islamic Republic of Iran (1980−2020)

1979–1980

Supported by:


1998–2020

Supported by:

Commanders and leaders

Reza Shah
Mohammad Reza Shah


Ruhollah Khomeini
Ali Khamenei

Khaz'al al-Ka'bi


Oan Ali Mohammed  


Habib Jabr al-Ka'bi Ahmad Mullah Nissi 

Salah Abusharif Al-Ahwazi

From the 1920s to the early 2020s, tensions have often resulted in violence and attempted separatism, including the insurgency in 1979, unrest in 2005, terrorist bombings in 2005–2006, protests in 2011, assassinations in 2017, and the 2018 Ahvaz military parade attack.

Iran officially denied any discrimination or the existence of conflict within the country. It drew strong criticism from human rights organizations including accusations of ethnic discrimination and ethnic cleansing.

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