African theatre of World War I

The African theatre of the First World War comprises campaigns in North Africa instigated by the German and Ottoman empires, local rebellions against European colonial rule and Allied campaigns against the German colonies of Kamerun, Togoland, German South West Africa, and German East Africa. The campaigns were fought by German Schutztruppe, local resistance movements and forces of the British Empire, France, Italy, Belgium, and Portugal.

African theatre of World War I
Part of World War I

German trenches in Garoua, German Cameroon
Date3 August 1914 – 25 November 1918
(4 years, 3 months, 3 weeks and 1 day)
Location
Result Allied victory
Territorial
changes
  • Annexation of the German colonies by the Allies
  • Termination of residual Ottoman rights in Tripolitania
  • Annexation of the Sultanate of Darfur by Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Belligerents

Entente Powers:

 United Kingdom
  •  Angola
  •  Mozambique
 Italy (1915–18)

Central Powers:

  • Ottoman Empire
  • Co-belligerents:
  • South African Republic
  • Senussi Order
  •  Sultanate of Darfur
  • Dervish Movement
  • Supported by:
  •  Ethiopia (1915–1916)
Commanders and leaders

Casualties and losses
750,000 African civilians dead from famine and disease
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