Haplogroup R1a

Haplogroup R1a
Haplogroup R1a
Possible time of origin	22,000 to 25,000 years ago
Possible place of origin	Eurasia
Ancestor	Haplogroup R1
Descendants	R1a-Z282, R1a-Z93
Defining mutations	R1a: L62, L63, L120, M420, M449, M511, M513; R1a1a: M17, M198, M512, M514, M515, L168, L449, L457, L566;
Highest frequencies	See List of R1a frequency by population

Haplogroup R1a, or haplogroup R-M420, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup which is distributed in a large region in Eurasia, extending from Scandinavia and Central Europe to Central Asia, southern Siberia and South Asia.

While one genetic study indicates that R1a originated 25,000 years ago, its subclade M417 (R1a1a1) diversified c. 5,800 years ago. The place of origin of the subclade plays a role in the debate about the origins of Proto-Indo-Europeans.

The SNP mutation R-M420 was discovered after R-M17 (R1a1a), which resulted in a reorganization of the lineage in particular establishing a new paragroup (designated R-M420*) for the relatively rare lineages which are not in the R-SRY10831.2 (R1a1) branch leading to R-M17.

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