Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), alternatively known as phosphoglucose isomerase/phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) or phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), is an enzyme ( EC 5.3.1.9) that in humans is encoded by the GPI gene on chromosome 19. This gene encodes a member of the glucose phosphate isomerase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In the cytoplasm, the gene product functions as a glycolytic enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) that interconverts glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and fructose-6-phosphate (F6P). Extracellularly, the encoded protein (also referred to as neuroleukin) functions as a neurotrophic factor that promotes survival of skeletal motor neurons and sensory neurons, and as a lymphokine that induces immunoglobulin secretion. The encoded protein is also referred to as autocrine motility factor (AMF) based on an additional function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and angiogenic factor. Defects in this gene are the cause of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia, and a severe enzyme deficiency can be associated with hydrops fetalis, immediate neonatal death and neurological impairment. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase | |||||||||
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Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase dimer, Rabbit | |||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
EC no. | 5.3.1.9 | ||||||||
CAS no. | 9001-41-6 | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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Bacterial phosphoglucose isomerase C-terminal region | |||||||||
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crystal structure of phosphoglucose/phosphomannose isomerase from pyrobaculum aerophilum in complex with fructose 6-phosphate | |||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | bact-PGI_C | ||||||||
Pfam | PF10432 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR019490 | ||||||||
CDD | cd05016 | ||||||||
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Phosphoglucose isomeras | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | PGI | ||||||||
Pfam | PF00342 | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1pgi / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
CDD | cd05015 | ||||||||
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