122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30)
The 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) (GRAU index: 52-G-463) is a Soviet 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) howitzer. The weapon was developed by the design bureau of Motovilikha Plants, headed by F. F. Petrov, in the late 1930s, and was in production from 1939 to 1955. The M-30 saw action in World War II, mainly as a divisional artillery piece of the Red Army (RKKA). Captured guns were also employed later in the conflict by the German Wehrmacht and the Finnish Army. Post World War II the M-30 saw combat in numerous conflicts of the mid- to late twentieth century in service of other countries' armies, notably in the Middle East.
| 122 mm howitzer M1938 (М-30) | |
|---|---|
M-30 in VDV history museum, Russia. | |
| Type | Field howitzer |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1939–present |
| Wars | World War II Korean War Vietnam War Laotian Civil War Indonesian invasion of East Timor Soviet–Afghan War Lebanese Civil War Iran–Iraq War Second Sudanese Civil War Syrian Civil War Sri Lankan Civil War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | Design bureau of Motovilikha Plants, headed by F. F. Petrov |
| Designed | 1938 |
| Manufacturer | Plants No. 92 & No. 9 |
| Produced | 1939–1960 |
| No. built | 19,266 |
| Variants | M-30S, Chinese Type 54 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | combat: 2,450 kg (5,401 lbs) travel: 3,100 kg (6,834 lbs) |
| Length | 5.9 m (19 ft 4 in) (with limber) |
| Barrel length | 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) L/22.7 |
| Width | 1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) |
| Height | 1.82 m (6 ft) |
| Crew | 8 |
| Shell | 122 x 284mm .R loading charge and projectile |
| Caliber | 121.92 mm (4.8 in) |
| Breech | Interrupted screw |
| Recoil | Hydro-pneumatic |
| Carriage | Split trail |
| Elevation | −3° to 63.5° |
| Traverse | 49° |
| Rate of fire | 5–6 rounds per minute |
| Maximum firing range | 11.8 km (7.33 mi) |
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