Kolyma (river)
The Kolyma (Russian: Колыма, IPA: [kəlɨˈma]; Yakut: Халыма, romanized: Xalıma) is a river in northeastern Siberia, whose basin covers parts of the Sakha Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, and Magadan Oblast of Russia.
| Kolyma | |
|---|---|
Location of the river mouth in the Far Eastern Federal District, Russia | |
| Etymology | Tundra Yukaghir kulumaa, "river" |
| Native name | Колыма (Russian) |
| Location | |
| Country | Russia |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Kulu |
| • location | Okhotsky District, Khabarovsk Krai |
| • coordinates | 61°55′05″N 144°36′11″E |
| • elevation | 1,426 m (4,678 ft) |
| 2nd source | Ayan-Yuryakh |
| • location | Susumansky District, Magadan Oblast |
| • coordinates | 62°54′36″N 146°07′48″E |
| • elevation | 992 m (3,255 ft) |
| Mouth | East Siberian Sea |
• location | Kolyma Gulf |
• coordinates | 69°32′52″N 161°21′51″E |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Length | 2,129 km (1,323 mi) |
| Basin size | 647,000 km2 (250,000 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Kolyma Delta, East Siberian Sea, Russia |
| • average | (Period: 1984–2018)130 km3/a (4,100 m3/s) 4,190 m3/s (148,000 cu ft/s) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Kolymskoye (Basin size: 526,000 km2 (203,000 sq mi)) |
| • average | (Period of data: 1978–2000) 3,254 m3/s (114,900 cu ft/s) |
| • minimum | 30.6 m3/s (1,080 cu ft/s) (in April 1979) |
| • maximum | 26,201 m3/s (925,300 cu ft/s) (in June 1985) |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Popovka, Yasachnaya, Zyryanka, Ozhogina, Sededema |
| • right | Buyunda, Balygychan, Sugoy, Korkodon, Beryozovka, Omolon, Anyuy |
The Kolyma is frozen to depths of several metres for about 250 days each year, becoming free of ice only in early June, until October.
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