Kingdom of Saxony

Kingdom of Saxony
*Königreich Sachsen* (German)
Kingdom of Saxony Königreich Sachsen (German)
1806–1918
	Top: Flag of Saxony (1815-1918); Bottom: Flag of Saxony (1806-1815) Coat of arms
	Motto: Providentiae Memor; "Providence Remember"
	Anthem: Gott segne Sachsenland (1815) ; Sachsenlied ("Gott sei mit dir mein Sachsenland", 1842)
	The Kingdom of Saxony within the German Empire
Status	State of the Confederation of the Rhine; (1806–1813); State of the German Confederation; (1815–1866); State of the North German Confederation; (1867–1871); Federal state of the German Empire; (1871–1918);
Capital	Dresden
Common languages	Standard German (written; educated speech); Upper Saxon German (colloquial); Upper Sorbian (in Upper Lusatia)
Religion	Lutheran (state religion), but monarchs were Catholic
Demonym(s)	Saxon
Government	Absolute monarchy (until 1831); Constitutional monarchy (from 1831);
King
• 1806–1827	Frederick Augustus I (first)
• 1904–1918	Frederick Augustus III (last)
Minister-President
• 1831–1843	Bernhard von Lindenau (first)
• 1918	Rudolf Heinze (last)
Legislature	Landtag (1831–1918)
• Upper Chamber	"First Chamber"
• Lower Chamber	"Second Chamber"
Historical era	Napoleonic Wars / WWI
• Treaty of Poznań: Electorate joined the Confederation of the Rhine	11 December 1806
• Electorate raised to Kingdom	20 December 1806
• Treaties of Tilsit: annexed Cottbus; union with Duchy of Warsaw	9 July 1807
• Occupied by Prussia	1813
• Final Act of the Congress of Vienna	9 June 1815
• Member of the North German Confederation	1866
• State of the German Empire	1 January 1871
• Frederick Augustus III abdicates	13 November 1918
• Free State established	1 November 1920
Currency	Saxon thaler; (1806–1857); Saxon vereinsthaler; (1857–1873); German gold mark; (1873–1914); German Papiermark; (1914–1918);
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Electorate of Saxony
Weimar Saxony
Province of Saxony
Today part of	Germany; Poland

The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen), lasting from 1806 to 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. The kingdom was formed from the Electorate of Saxony. From 1871, it was part of the German Empire. It became a free state in the era of Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony. Its capital was the city of Dresden, and its modern successor state is the Free State of Saxony.

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