Kingdom of Mutapa
The Kingdom of Mutapa – sometimes referred to as the Mutapa Empire, Mwenemutapa, (Shona: Mwene ( or Munhu) we Mutapa, Portuguese: Monomotapa) – was an African kingdom in Zimbabwe, which expanded to what is now modern-day Mozambique.
Kingdom of Mutapa Mwene we Mutapa | |||||||||||
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| 1430–1760 | |||||||||||
Coat of arms granted to the Mwenemutapa in 1569 by the King of Portugal.
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Monomotapa and surrounding kingdoms | |||||||||||
| Capital | Zvongombe | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Shona | ||||||||||
| Religion | Belief in Mwari (God) | ||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||
| Mwenemutapa/ Munhumutapa | |||||||||||
• c. 1430 – c. 1450 | Nyatsimba Mutota (first) | ||||||||||
• 1740–1759 | Dehwe Mupunzagutu (last) | ||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||
• Established by Nyatsimba Mutota | circa 1450 1430 | ||||||||||
• Portuguese protectorate | 1629 | ||||||||||
• Mutapa dynasty schism | 1712 | ||||||||||
• Disintegrates under Civil war | 1760 | ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| 16th century | 700,000 km2 (270,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||
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The Portuguese term Monomotapa is a transliteration of the Shona royal title Mwenemutapa or Munhumutapa derived from a combination of two words Mwene or Munhu meaning Man, and Mutapa meaning conquerer. Over time the monarch's royal title was applied to the kingdom as a whole, and used to denote the kingdom's territory on maps from the period.
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