Kalmyk Khanate

The Kalmyk Khanate (Kalmyk: Хальмг хана улс, Xal'mg xana uls) was an Oirat khanate on the Eurasian steppe. It extended over modern Kalmykia and surrounding areas in the North Caucasus, including Stavropol and Astrakhan. During their independence, the Kalmyks both raided and allied with Russia in turn, engaging in numerous military expeditions against the Crimean Tatars, the Ottoman Empire, neighboring Muslim tribes, and the highlanders of the North Caucasus. The Khanate was annexed by the Russian Empire in 1771.

Kalmyk Khanate
Kalmyk: Хальмг хана улс
1630–1771
Banner granted by Elizabeth of Russia to Donduk Dashi as a Khan of Kalmykia
State Seal of Ayuka Khan:
Map of the Kalmyk Khanate
StatusKhanate
CapitalAyuka Khan's residence (1697–1724)
Common languagesKalmyk, Russian
Religion
Tibetan Buddhism (Gelug, Karma Kagyu)
GovernmentHereditary monarchy
 died 1644
Kho Orluk
 1669–1724
Ayuka Khan
History 
 Established
1630
 Annexed by Russia
1771
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Tsardom of Russia
Nogai Horde
Astrakhan Khanate
Russian Empire
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