Jungle Movement of Gilan

The Jangal (Jungle) Movement, in Gilan, was a rebellion against the monarchist rule of the central government of Sublime State of Iran, which lasted from 1915 to 1921.

Jungle Movement
Part of Consequences of World War I
DateOctober 1915 – 5 June 1920
Location
Gilan, Persia
Caused by
  • Occupation of Iran by Anglo-Russian and Ottoman troops
  • Political decay caused after the Constitutional Revolution
MethodsWidespread unrest, Civil war
Resulted inEstablishment of Persian Socialist Soviet Republic
Parties

Jungle revolutionaries Supported by:

Soviet Russia (1920)

Russian Empire (1915–17)
British Empire


Qajar Persia (1918–20)

  • Cossack Brigade
Lead figures

Mirza Kuchik Khan

Gen. Nikolai Baratov (1915)
Col. Lazar Bicherakhov (1918)
Maj. Gen. Lionel Dunsterville (1918)
Hassan Vosugh al-Dowleh (1918–20)

  • Col. Vsevolod Starosselsky (1918–20)
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