José Abad Santos
José Abad Santos y Basco (Spanish: [xoˈse aˈβað ˈsantos], Tagalog: [hoˈse ʔaˈbad ˈsantos]; February 19, 1886 – May 1, 1942) was the fifth chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He briefly served as the acting president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and acting commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines during World War II, from March 1942 until his execution. Japanese forces killed him for refusing to cooperate during their occupation of the country.
The Honourable José Abad Santos | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, c. 1941 | |
| Acting President of the Philippines | |
Unofficial | |
| In office March 17, 1942 – May 1, 1942 | |
| Appointed by | Manuel L. Quezon |
| 5th Chief Justice of the Philippines | |
| In office December 24, 1941 – May 1, 1942 | |
| Appointed by | Manuel L. Quezon |
| Preceded by | Ramón Avanceña |
| Succeeded by | José Yulo |
| 28th Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines | |
| In office June 18, 1936 – December 23, 1941 | |
| Nominated by | Herbert Hoover |
| Preceded by | Norberto Romuáldez |
| Succeeded by | José Lopez Vito |
| Secretary of Justice | |
| In office December 5, 1938 – July 16, 1941 | |
| President | Manuel L. Quezon |
| Preceded by | José Yulo |
| Succeeded by | Teófilo Sison |
| In office September 1, 1928 – June 18, 1932 | |
| Appointed by | Governor-General Henry L. Stimson |
| Succeeded by | Alexander Reyes |
| In office April 26, 1922 – July 17, 1923 | |
| Appointed by | Governor-General Leonard Wood |
| Preceded by | Quintín Paredes |
| Succeeded by | Luis Torres |
| Secretary of Finance | |
| In office December 30, 1941 – March 26, 1942 | |
| President | Manuel L. Quezon |
| Preceded by | Serafín Marabut |
| Succeeded by | Andrés Soriano (as Secretary of Finance, Agriculture, and Commerce) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | José Abad Santos y Basco February 19, 1886 San Fernando, Pampanga, Captaincy General of the Philippines |
| Died | May 1, 1942 (aged 56) Malabang, Lanao, Philippines |
| Cause of death | Firing squad |
| Spouse |
Amanda Teopaco (m. 1918) |
| Relations | Pedro Abad Santos (brother) Vicente Abad Santos (nephew) Jamby Madrigal (granddaughter) |
| Children | José Abad Santos Jr. (nicknamed Pepito) Luz Abad Santos Amanda Abad Santos (nicknamed Mandy) Osmundo Abad Santos (nicknamed Ossie) Victoria Abad Santos (nicknamed Vicky) |
| Alma mater | Santa Clara College, CA Northwestern University, IL (LLB) George Washington University, Washington, D.C. (LLM) |
Together with Josefa Llanes Escoda and Vicente Lim, he is memorialized on the Philippines' 1,000-Peso banknote depicting Filipinos who fought and died resisting the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II.
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