Johor–Singapore Causeway
The Johor–Singapore Causeway is a 1.056-kilometre (0.66 mi) causeway consisting of a combined railway and motorway bridge that links the city of Johor Bahru in Malaysia across the Straits of Johor to the district and town of Woodlands in Singapore. It was the only land connection between the two from 1928 until 1998, when the Tuas Second Link opened.
Johor–Singapore Causeway | |
|---|---|
As seen from Johor in 2023 | |
| Coordinates | 1°27′10″N 103°46′09″E |
| Carries |
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| Crosses | Straits of Johor |
| Locale | Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Bangunan Sultan Iskandar Woodlands, Singapore, Woodlands Checkpoint |
| Official name | Johor–Singapore Causeway |
| Maintained by | PLUS Expressways (Malaysia) Land Transport Authority (Singapore) |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Causeway |
| Material | Rubble |
| Total length | 1 km (0.62 mi) (Causeway) 2.4 km (1.5 mi) (Distance between both checkpoints) |
| Rail characteristics | |
| No. of tracks | 1 |
| Track gauge | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) |
| Electrified | No |
| History | |
| Construction start | August 1919 |
| Construction end | 11 June 1924 |
| Construction cost | 17 million Straits dollars (1918) |
| Opened | 28 June 1924 |
| Inaugurated | 28 June 1924 |
| Location | |
| Johor–Singapore Causeway | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 新柔長堤 | ||||||
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| Malay name | |||||||
| Malay | Tambak Johor–Singapura | ||||||
| Tamil name | |||||||
| Tamil | ஜோகூர்-சிங்கப்பூர் காஸ்வே Jōkūr-Ciṅkappūr kāsvē | ||||||
The distance between Singapore's Woodlands Checkpoint and Malaysia's Bangunan Sultan Iskandar is approximately 2.4 km (1.5 mi). The causeway also serves as a water pipeline between the two countries.
It is one of the busiest border crossings in the world, with 350,000 travellers daily. Many Malaysians continue to live in Malaysia and commute daily (with either public or private motorised transportation) to Singapore, enduring extremely long journey times with extreme heavy traffic congestion on weekdays. The border is handled by immigration authorities of both countries at the Southern Integrated Gateway (Malaysia) and Woodlands Checkpoint (Singapore). Since 26 March 2022, both countries have permitted pedestrians to walk along the Causeway by foot, but this is not common; pedestrian walking is generally limited to instances of standstill vehicular congestion on the Causeway which prevents passengers from boarding regular-hour cross-border public buses after clearing immigration.