John Magufuli
John Pombe Joseph Magufuli (29 October 1959 – 17 March 2021) was the fifth president of Tanzania, serving from 2015 until his death in 2021. He served as Minister of Works, Transport and Communications from 2000 to 2005 and 2010 to 2015 and was chairman of the Southern African Development Community from 2019 to 2020.
John Magufuli | |
|---|---|
Magufuli in 2015 | |
| 5th President of Tanzania | |
| In office 5 November 2015 – 17 March 2021 | |
| Prime Minister | Kassim Majaliwa |
| Vice President | Samia Suluhu |
| Preceded by | Jakaya Kikwete |
| Succeeded by | Samia Suluhu |
| Chairman of Southern African Development Community | |
| In office 17 August 2019 – 17 August 2020 | |
| Preceded by | Hage Geingob |
| Succeeded by | Filipe Nyusi |
| Minister of Works, Transport and Communications | |
| In office 28 November 2010 – 5 November 2015 | |
| Prime Minister | Mizengo Pinda |
| Preceded by | Shukuru Kawambwa |
| Succeeded by | Makame Mbarawa |
| In office November 2000 – 21 December 2005 | |
| Prime Minister | Frederick Sumaye |
| Succeeded by | Basil Mramba |
| Minister of Livestock and Fisheries Development | |
| In office 13 February 2008 – 6 November 2010 | |
| Prime Minister | Mizengo Pinda |
| Preceded by | Anthony Diallo |
| Succeeded by | David Mathayo David |
| Minister of Lands and Human Settlements | |
| In office 6 January 2006 – 13 February 2008 | |
| Prime Minister | Edward Lowassa |
| Succeeded by | John Chiligati |
| Member of Parliament for Biharamulo East and Chato | |
| In office November 1995 – July 2015 | |
| Succeeded by | Medard Kalemani |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Pombe Joseph Magufuli 29 October 1959 Chato, Tanganyika (now Tanzania) |
| Died | 17 March 2021 (aged 61) Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| Cause of death | Officially atrial fibrillation, for details see Death |
| Political party | Chama Cha Mapinduzi |
| Spouse | Janeth Magufuli |
| Children | 7 |
| Education | University of Dar es Salaam (BS, MS, PhD) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Tanzania |
| Branch/service | National Service |
| Years of service | 1983–1984 |
First elected as a Member of Parliament in 1995, he served in the Cabinet of Tanzania as Deputy Minister of Works from 1995 to 2000, Minister of Works from 2000 to 2005, Minister of Lands and Human Settlement from 2006 to 2008, Minister of Livestock and Fisheries from 2008 to 2010, and as Minister of Works for a second time from 2010 to 2015.
Running as the candidate of Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM), the country's dominant party, Magufuli won the October 2015 presidential election and was sworn in on 5 November 2015; he was re-elected in 2020. He ran on a platform of reducing government corruption and spending while also investing in Tanzania's industries, but his rule had autocratic tendencies, as seen in restrictions on freedom of speech, restrictions on LGBTQ rights, and a crackdown on members of the political opposition and civil society groups. Despite all the accusations, a spokesman for the ruling party assured that Magufuli would not remain in power beyond the two limits allowed by the constitution.
Under his presidency, Tanzania experienced one of the strongest economic growths on the continent (6% on average per year according to the IMF) and moved from the category of lower-low income countries to lower-middle income countries.
Contrary to leaders elsewhere in the world, Magufuli ordered COVID-19 testing to stop and resisted calls to implement public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania. He also expressed distrust of American- and European-developed vaccines, preferring to rely on faith to protect his nation. Magufuli's approach has been characterised as COVID-19 denialism.
His death on 17 March 2021 was attributed by the government to a long-standing heart issue. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Samia Suluhu.