John B. McKay
John Barron McKay (December 8, 1922 – April 27, 1975) was an American naval officer, World War II pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and astronaut. He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the United States Air Force and NASA. On September 28, 1965, he flew the X-15 to an altitude of 295,600 feet (90,100 m), thereby qualifying as an astronaut according to the United States definition of the boundary of space. However, this altitude did not surpass the Kármán line as defined by the FAI, the FAI-accepted boundary of 100 kilometres (62.1 mi).
John B. McKay | |
|---|---|
McKay in 1964 | |
| Born | December 8, 1922 Portsmouth, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | April 27, 1975 (aged 52) Lancaster, California, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names | John Barron McKay |
| Alma mater | Virginia Tech, B.S. 1950 |
| Occupation(s) | Naval aviator, test pilot |
| Space career | |
| USAF / NASA astronaut | |
| Selection | 1957 MISS Group |
| Missions | X-15 Flight 150 |
On November 9, 1962, McKay was injured when forced to make an emergency landing in the X-15-2, the second of three planes in the X-15 fleet. The craft rolled over, and McKay suffered crushed vertebrae. Subsequently, the damaged plane was refurbished to become the X-15A-2, a modified variant. Although McKay returned to flight as an X-15 pilot, his injuries contributed to an early death. He died on April 27, 1975, aged 52.