2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Identifiers
CAS Number	540-84-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	1696876
ChEBI	CHEBI:62805 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1797261 ;
ChemSpider	10445 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.964
EC Number	208-759-1;
MeSH	2,2,4-trimethylpentane
PubChem CID	10907;
RTECS number	SA3320000;
UNII	QAB8F5669O ;
UN number	1262
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7024370 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C8H18/c1-7(2)6-8(3,4)5/h7H,6H2,1-5H3 Key: NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES CC(C)CC(C)(C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C8H18
Molar mass	114.232 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Odor	petroleum-like
Density	0.692 g cm−3
Melting point	−107.38 °C; −161.28 °F; 165.77 K
Boiling point	99.30 °C; 210.74 °F; 372.45 K
log P	4.373
Vapor pressure	5.5 kPa (at 21 °C)
Henry's law; constant (kH)	3.0 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
UV-vis (λmax)	210 nm
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-98.34·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.391
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	242.49 J K−1 mol−1
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	328.03 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−260.6 to −258.0 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−5462.6 to −5460.0 kJ mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225, H304, H315, H336, H410
Precautionary statements	P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 3 0
Flash point	−12 °C (10 °F; 261 K)
Autoignition; temperature	396 °C (745 °F; 669 K)
Explosive limits	1.1–6.0%
Related compounds
Related alkanes	2,2-Dimethylbutane; 2,3-Dimethylbutane; Triptane; Tetramethylbutane; Tetraethylmethane; 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane; 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane; Tetra-tert-butylmethane; 2,3-Dimethylhexane; 2,5-Dimethylhexane;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, also known as isooctane or iso-octane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH₃)₃CCH₂CH(CH₃)₂. It is one of several isomers of octane (C₈H₁₈). This particular isomer is the standard 100 point on the octane rating scale (the zero point is n-heptane). It is an important component of gasoline, frequently used in relatively large proportions (around 10%) to increase the knock resistance of fuel.

Strictly speaking, if the standard meaning of ‘iso’ is followed, the name isooctane should be reserved for the isomer 2-methylheptane. However, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane is by far the most important isomer of octane and historically it has been assigned this name.

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