Isoflurane

Isoflurane
Clinical data
Trade names	Forane, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	FDA Professional Drug Information
License data	US DailyMed: Isoflurane;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3;
Routes of; administration	Inhalation
ATC code	N01AB06 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (RS)-2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethane; OR; (RS)-1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether;
CAS Number	26675-46-7 ;
PubChem CID	3763;
IUPHAR/BPS	2505;
DrugBank	DB00753 ;
ChemSpider	3631 ;
UNII	CYS9AKD70P;
KEGG	D00545 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:6015 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1256 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3020752 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.043.528
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C3H2ClF5O
Molar mass	184.49 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES FC(F)(F)C(Cl)OC(F)F;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H2ClF5O/c4-1(3(7,8)9)10-2(5)6/h1-2H ; Key:PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Isoflurane, sold under the brand name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia; however, other medications are often used to start anesthesia, due to airway irritation with isoflurane. Isoflurane is given via inhalation.

Side effects of isoflurane include a decreased ability to breathe (respiratory depression), low blood pressure, and an irregular heartbeat. Serious side effects can include malignant hyperthermia or high blood potassium. It should not be used in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia in either themselves or their family members. It is unknown if its use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus, but use during a cesarean section appears to be safe. Isoflurane is a halogenated ether.

Isoflurane was approved for medical use in the United States in 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

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