Insulin glargine

Insulin glargine sold under the brand name Lantus among others is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type I and type II diabetes. It is injected just under the skin. Effects generally begin an hour after use.

Insulin glargine
Toujeo branded insulin glargine
Clinical data
Trade namesLantus, Toujeo, Basaglar, others
Biosimilarsinsulin glargine-aglr, insulin glargine-yfgn, Rezvoglar, Abasaglar, Semglee
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa600027
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		Subcutaneous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • CA: ℞-only / Schedule D
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Onset of action~1 hours
Duration of action24 to 36 hours
Identifiers
  • Recombinant human insulin
CAS Number
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
  • none
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.241.126
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC267H404N72O78S6
Molar mass6062.96 g·mol−1
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Common side effects include low blood sugar, problems at the site of injection, itchiness, and weight gain. Other serious side effects include low blood potassium. NPH insulin rather than insulin glargine is generally preferred in pregnancy. After injection, microcrystals slowly release insulin for about 24 hours. This insulin causes body tissues to absorb glucose from the blood and decreases glucose production by the liver.

Insulin glargine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2000. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2021, it was the 29th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States with more than 19 million prescriptions. In July 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an interchangeable biosimilar insulin product called Semglee (insulin glargine-yfgn) for the treatment of diabetes.

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