Indian country jurisdiction
Indian country jurisdiction, or the extent which tribal powers apply to legal situations in the United States, has undergone many drastic shifts since the beginning of European settlement in America. Over time, federal statutes and Supreme Court rulings have designated more or less power to tribal governments, depending on federal policy toward Indians. Numerous Supreme Court decisions have created important precedents in Indian country jurisdiction, such as Worcester v. Georgia, Oliphant v. Suquamish Tribe, Montana v. United States, and McGirt v. Oklahoma.
Panorama of the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation near Bullhead City, Arizona | |
| Colonial & Early U.S. Policy | |
|---|---|
| Cases | Johnson v. McIntosh; Cherokee Nation v. Georgia; Worcester v. Georgia |
| Legislation | Trade & Intercourse Act; Indian Removal Act; |
| Allotment | |
| Cases | U.S. v. Kagama; Talton v. Mayes; Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock |
| Legislation | Major Crimes Act; General Allotment Act (Dawes Act); Indian Citizenship Act |
| Reorganization | |
| Legislation | Indian Reorganization Act |
| Termination | |
| Cases | Tee-Hit-Ton v. U.S.; Williams v. Lee |
| Legislation | House Concurrent Resolution 108; Public Law 280; Urban Relocation Program; Termination Acts |
| Self-Determination | |
| Cases | New Mexico v. Mescalero Apache Tribe; Oliphant v. Suquamish Indian Tribe; United States v. Wheeler; Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez; Montana v. U.S.; Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe; National Farmers Unions Ins. Co. v. Crow Tribe; California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians; Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield; Duro v. Reina; Nevada v. Hicks; Atkinson Trading Co. v. Shirley; United States v. Lara; Solem v. Bartlett |
| Legislation | Indian Civil Rights Acts; Indian Gaming Regulatory Act |
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