IRT Ninth Avenue Line

The IRT Ninth Avenue Line, often called the Ninth Avenue Elevated or Ninth Avenue El, was the first elevated railway in New York City. It opened in July 1868 as the West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway, as an experimental single-track cable-powered elevated railway from Battery Place, at the south end of Manhattan Island, northward up Greenwich Street to Cortlandt Street. By 1879 the line was extended to the Harlem River at 155th Street. It was electrified and taken over by the Interborough Rapid Transit Company in 1903.

IRT Ninth Avenue Elevated
The Ninth Avenue El's "suicide curve" at 110th Street, in 1896
Overview
Other name(s)West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway
West Side and Yonkers Patent Elevated Railway Company
Westside Patented Elevated Railway Company
Ninth Avenue El
History
CommencedJuly 1, 1867 (1867-07-01)
OpenedJuly 1, 1868 (1868-07-01)
CompletedApril 1868 (1868-04)
Cable railway1868
Regular ServiceFebruary 14, 1870
Electrification1903
ClosedJune 11, 1940 (1940-06-11) (South of 145th Street) August 31, 1958 (1958-08-31) (North of 145th Street)
Technical
Number of tracks2–3
Characterelevated railway
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
ElectrificationDC third rail
Route map

167th Street
Anderson–Jerome Avenues
Sedgwick Avenue
Putnam Bridge (Harlem River)
159th Street Yard
155th Street
151st Street
145th Street
140th Street
135th Street
130th Street
125th Street
116th Street
110th Street
104th Street
99th Street
93rd Street
86th Street
81st Street
72nd Street
66th Street
59th Street
50th Street
42nd Street
34th Street
30th Street
23rd Street
14th Street
Christopher Street
Houston Street
Desbrosses Street
Franklin Street
Warren Street
Barclay Street
Cortlandt Street
Rector Street
Battery Place
South Ferry
(subway)

The main line ceased operation in June 1940, after it was replaced by the IND Eighth Avenue Line which had opened in 1932. The last section in use, over the Harlem River, was known as the Polo Grounds Shuttle. It closed in August 1958. This portion used a now-removed swing bridge called the Putnam Bridge, and went through a still-extant tunnel with two partially underground stations.

The line had the worst accident in the history of New York City elevated railways, on September 11, 1905, when a train derailed and fell to the street. There were 61 casualties.

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