I. A. Richards
Ivor Armstrong Richards CH (26 February 1893 – 7 September 1979), known as I. A. Richards, was an English educator, literary critic, poet, and rhetorician. His work contributed to the foundations of New Criticism, a formalist movement in literary theory which emphasized the close reading of a literary text, especially poetry, in an effort to discover how a work of literature functions as a self-contained and self-referential æsthetic object.
I. A. Richards | |
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I. A. Richards in the Alps c. 1930 | |
Born | Ivor Armstrong Richards 26 February 1893 Sandbach, Cheshire, England |
Died | 7 September 1979 86) Cambridge, England | (aged
Occupation | Educator |
Alma mater | Magdalene College, Cambridge |
Period | 20th century |
Spouse | Dorothy Pilley Richards |
Richards' intellectual contributions to the establishment of the literary methodology of New Criticism are presented in the books The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism (1923), by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards, Principles of Literary Criticism (1924), Practical Criticism (1929), and The Philosophy of Rhetoric (1936).