Hussein Shah of Johor
Sultan Hussein Mua'zzam Shah ibni Mahmud Shah Alam (Malay: سلطان حسين معظم شاه ابن محمود شاه عالم, 1776 – 5 September 1835) was the 19th ruler of Johor-Riau. He signed two treaties with Britain which culminated in the founding of modern Singapore; during which he was nominally given recognition by the British as the Sultan of Johor and Singapore in 1819 and the Sultan of Johor in 1824.
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The royal seal of the Sultan Hussein Shah of Johor and Singapore | |||||||||
| Sultan of Johor | |||||||||
| Reign | 1819–1835 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah | ||||||||
| Successor | Ali | ||||||||
| Born | 1776 Hulu Riau, Johor Sultanate | ||||||||
| Died | 5 September 1835 (aged 58–59) Malacca, British Malaya | ||||||||
| Burial | Makam Sultan Hussin, Tranquerah mosque, Malacca, British Malaya | ||||||||
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| House | House of Bendahara | ||||||||
| Father | Mahmud Shah III | ||||||||
| Mother | Cik Makoh | ||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
However, Sultan Hussein was regarded by nobles as a British puppet monarch, at least during the first few years of his reign. Towards his last years of his reign and during the first half of his son's reign as the Sultan of Johor, limited recognition was given by a few nobles. Known as having a personality that did not impress the British or the local Malays, the contemporary writer Munshi Abdullah remarked that he was a "tiger without teeth".