Adalimumab
Adalimumab, sold under the brand name Humira and others, is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and monoclonal antibody used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, plaque psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and uveitis. It is administered by subcutaneous injection (injection under the skin). It works by inactivating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα).
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Human |
| Target | TNF alpha |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Humira |
| Other names | D2E7 |
| Biosimilars | adalimumab-aacf, adalimumab-aaty, adalimumab-adaz, adalimumab-adbm, adalimumab-afzb, adalimumab-aqvh, adalimumab-atto, adalimumab-bwwd, adalimumab-fkjp, adalimumab-ryvk, Abrilada, Amgevita, Amsparity, Ardalicip, Cadalimab, Ciptunec, Cyltezo, Exemptia, Hadlima, Halimatoz, Hefiya, Hukyndra, Hulio, Hyrimoz, Idacio, Imraldi, Kromeya, Libmyris, Mabura, Simlandi, Solymbic, Trudexa, Yuflyma, Yusimry |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a603010 |
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| Routes of administration | Subcutaneous |
| Drug class | TNF inhibitor |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 64% (subcutaneous), 0% (by mouth) |
| Elimination half-life | 10–20 days |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.224.376 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6428H9912N1694O1987S46 |
| Molar mass | 144190.64 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections, pain at the site of injection, rash, and headache. Other side effects may include serious infections, cancer, anaphylaxis, reactivation of hepatitis B, new onset or exacerbation of demyelinating diseases (such as multiple sclerosis), heart failure, liver failure, and aplastic anemia. Use during pregnancy is not recommended, but some sources show use during breastfeeding may be safe.
Adalimumab was approved for medical use in the United States in 2002. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a biosimilar medication. In 2021, it was the 236th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.