History of the Philippines (1965–1986)
The history of the Philippines, from 1965 to 1986, covers the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic (1965–1972), the Philippines under martial law (1972–1981), and the majority of the Fourth Republic (1981–1986). By the end of the Marcos dictatorial era, the country was experiencing a debt crisis, extreme poverty, and severe underemployment.
Republic of the Philippines | |||||||||
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| 1965–1986 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Isang Bansa, Isang Diwa" "One Nation, One Spirit" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Lupang Hinirang (English: "Chosen Land") | |||||||||
Location of the Philippines in Southeast Asia. | |||||||||
| Capital | 1965–1976: Quezon City (official) Manila (legislative capital until 1972) 1976–1986: Manila (de jure) Metro Manila (de facto) | ||||||||
| Largest city | Quezon City (city proper) Metro Manila (metropolitan) | ||||||||
| Official languages | Filipino Spanish English | ||||||||
| Spoken languages | See Languages of the Philippines | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic (1965–1972) Unitary presidential constitutional republic under an authoritarian conjugal military dictatorship (1972–1973) Unitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency (1973–1978) Unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic under an authoritarian conjugal military dictatorship (1978–1981) Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential constitutional republic under a conjugal dictatorship (1981–1986) Revolutionary government (1986) | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1965–1986 | Ferdinand Marcos | ||||||||
• 1986 | Corazon Aquino | ||||||||
| Vice President | |||||||||
• 1965–1972 | Fernando Lopez | ||||||||
• 1972–1986 | abolished by the 1973 Constitution | ||||||||
• 1986 | Salvador Laurel | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1978–1981 | Ferdinand Marcos | ||||||||
• 1981–1986 | Cesar Virata | ||||||||
• 1986 | Salvador Laurel | ||||||||
| Legislature | Congress (1965–1972) None (Congress dissolved) (1972–1976) Batasang Bayan (1976–1978) Interim Batasang Pambansa (1978–1984) Regular Batasang Pambansa (1984–1986) | ||||||||
• Upper house | Senate (1965–1972) | ||||||||
• Lower house | House of Representatives (1965–1972) | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
| December 30, 1965 | |||||||||
| January 26 – March 17, 1970 | |||||||||
• Plaza Miranda bombing | August 21, 1971 | ||||||||
• Proclamation 1081 | September 23, 1972 | ||||||||
| January 17, 1973 | |||||||||
| August 21, 1983 | |||||||||
| February 7, 1986 | |||||||||
• People Power Revolution | February 22–25, 1986 | ||||||||
• Corazon Aquino inaugurated | February 25, 1986 1986 | ||||||||
| Currency | Philippine peso (₱) | ||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (PST) | ||||||||
| Date format |
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| Driving side | right | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | PH | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Philippines | ||||||||
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Second term
Martial law
Family
Unexplained wealth
Related
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