History of Afghanistan (1992–present)

This article on the history of Afghanistan covers the period from the fall of the Najibullah government in 1992 to the end of the international military presence in Afghanistan.

Ancient

Indus Valley Civilisation	2200–1800 BC
Oxus Civilization	2100–1800 BC
Gandhara Kingdom	1500–535 BC
Median Empire	728–550 BC
Achaemenid Empire	550–330 BC
Macedonian Empire	330–312 BC
Seleucid Empire	312–150 BC
Maurya Empire	305–180 BC
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom	256–125 BC
Parthian Empire	247 BC–224 AD
Indo-Greek Kingdom	180–130 BC
Indo-Scythian Kingdom	155–80? BC
Kushan Empire	135 BC – 248 AD
Indo-Parthian Kingdom	20 BC – 50? AD
Sasanian Empire	230–651
Kidarite Kingdom	320–465
Rob
Alchon Huns	380–560
Hephthalite Empire	410–557
Nezak Huns	484–711

Medieval

Kabul Shahi	565–879
Principality of Chaghaniyan	7th–8th centuries
Rashidun Caliphate	652–661
Tang China	660–669
Tibetan Empire	660–842
Umayyads	661–750
Zunbils	680–870
Lawik	750-977
Abbasids	750–821
Tahirids	821–873
Saffarids	863–900
Samanids	875–999
Ghaznavids	963–1187
Ghurids	before 879–1215
Seljuks	1037–1194
Khwarezmids	1215–1231
Mongol Invasion	1219–1226
Chagatai Khanate	1226–1245
Qarlughids	1224–1266
Ilkhanate	1256–1335
Kartids	1245–1381
Timurids	1370–1507
Arghuns	1520–1591

Modern

Mughals	1501–1738
Safavids	1510–1709
Hotak dynasty	1709–1738
Sadozai Sultanate	1716–1732
Afsharid Iran	1738–1747
Durrani Empire	1747–1823
Principality of Qandahar	1818–1855
Emirate	1823–1926
Saqqawist Emirate	1929
Kingdom	1926–1973
Daoud coup	1973
Republic	1973–1978
Saur Revolution	1978
Democratic Republic	1978–1992
Tanai coup attempt	1990
Islamic State	1992–1996
Islamic Emirate	1996–2001
US invasion	2001
Islamic State (reinstated)	2001
Interim/Transitional Administration	2001–2004
Islamic Republic (politics)	2004–2021
Islamic Emirate (reinstated)	since 2021

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