Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke

The Right Honourable
The Viscount Bolingbroke
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The Right Honourable The Viscount Bolingbroke PC
	Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke. Attributed to Alexis Simon Belle, c. 1712 (NPG 593 at the National Portrait Gallery, London).
Secretary of State for the Southern Department
	In office; 17 August 1713 – 31 August 1714
Monarchs	Anne; George I;
Preceded by	The Earl of Dartmouth
Succeeded by	James Stanhope
Secretary of State for the Northern Department
	In office; 21 September 1710 – 17 August 1713
Monarch	Anne
Preceded by	Henry Boyle
Succeeded by	William Bromley
Secretary at War
	In office; 1704–1708
Monarch	Anne
Preceded by	George Clarke
Succeeded by	Robert Walpole
Jacobite Secretary of State
	In office; July 1715 – March 1716
Monarch	James Francis Edward Stuart
Preceded by	Thomas Higgons
Succeeded by	John Erskine, Earl of Mar
Personal details
Born	Henry St John; 16 September 1678; Battersea, Surrey; England
Died	12 December 1751 (aged 73); Battersea, London,; Great Britain
Political party	Tory
Spouses	Frances Winchcombe; Marie Claire des Champs;
Parents	Henry St John, 1st Viscount St John; Lady Mary Rich;
Alma mater	Christ Church, Oxford
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Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (/ˈsɪndʒɪn ˈbɒlɪŋbrʊk/; 16 September 1678 – 12 December 1751) was an English politician, government official and political philosopher. He was a leader of the Tories, and supported the Church of England politically despite his antireligious views and opposition to theology. He supported the Jacobite rebellion of 1715 which sought to overthrow the new king George I. Escaping to France he became foreign minister for James Francis Edward Stuart. He was attainted for treason, but reversed course and was allowed to return to England in 1723. According to Ruth Mack, "Bolingbroke is best known for his party politics, including the ideological history he disseminated in The Craftsman (1726–1735) by adopting the formerly Whig theory of the Ancient Constitution and giving it new life as an anti-Walpole Tory principle."

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